经济毒性在 COVID-19 和长期 COVID 患者中很常见。然而，与其他常见合并症相比，所经历的经济毒性程度尚不确定。加剧长期新冠疫情期间财务挑战的影响因素也尚不清楚。这些知识差距可通过利用 2022 年全国健康访谈调查 (NHIS)（来自美国的代表性样本）的数据进行横断面分析来解决。 COVID-19 病例是通过自我报告的阳性检测或医生诊断来识别的。长期 COVID 被定义为经历 COVID-19 相关症状超过三个月。合并症根据十种医生诊断病症的自我报告诊断进行评估（是/否）。财务毒性被定义为难以支付医疗费用、与费用相关的药物不依从性、由于费用而延迟医疗保健和/或由于费用而无法获得医疗保健。我们的分析共纳入了 27,492 名 NHIS 2022 受访者，代表 2.53 亿美国成年人。在多变量逻辑回归模型中，与患有癫痫等其他合并症的成年人相比，患有长新冠肺炎的成年人（不包括患有 COVID-19 的受访者，但不包括长新冠肺炎的受访者）表现出更高的经济毒性（OR [95% CI]：1.69 [1.22, 2.33 ]）、痴呆（1.51 [1.01, 2.25]）、癌症（1.43 [1.19, 1.71]）或呼吸/心血管疾病（1.18 [1.00, 1.40]/1.23 [1.02, 1.47]）。与新冠病毒相关的长期财务毒性与女性、年龄<65岁、缺乏医疗保险、当前有偿就业、居住地区、食品不安全、疲劳、调查完成期间经历的轻度至重度抑郁症状、去医院急诊室就诊有关、存在关节炎、心血管或呼吸系统疾病以及社交活动限制。总之，与患有常见合并症的个人相比，患有长新冠病毒的美国成年人，而不是那些既往感染过 COVID-19 但未感染长新冠病毒的美国成年人，表现出更高的经济毒性患病率。弱势群体遭受经济损害的风险更大。这些发现强调了评估策略的重要性，以减轻经济负担并提高人们对长期新冠病毒相关财务毒性对患者医疗保健和健康状况影响的认识。版权所有：© 2024 Su et al.这是一篇根据知识共享署名许可条款分发的开放获取文章，允许在任何媒体上不受限制地使用、分发和复制，前提是注明原始作者和来源。

Financial toxicity is common in individuals with COVID-19 and Long COVID. However, the extent of financial toxicity experienced, in comparison to other common comorbidities, is uncertain. Contributing factors exacerbating financial challenges in Long COVID are also unclear. These knowledge gaps are addressed via a cross-sectional analysis utilizing data from the 2022 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), a representative sample drawn from the United States. COVID-19 cases were identified through self-reported positive testing or physician diagnoses. Long COVID was defined as experiencing COVID-19-related symptoms for more than three months. Comorbidity was assessed based on self-reported diagnoses of ten doctor-diagnosed conditions (Yes/No). Financial toxicity was defined as having difficulty paying medical bills, cost-related medication nonadherence, delaying healthcare due to cost, and/or not obtained healthcare due to cost. A total of 27,492 NHIS 2022 respondents were included in our analysis, representing 253 million U.S. adults. In multivariable logistic regression models, adults with Long COVID (excluding respondents with COVID-19 but not Long COVID), showed increased financial toxicity compared to those with other comorbidities, such as epilepsy (OR [95% CI]: 1.69 [1.22, 2.33]), dementia (1.51 [1.01, 2.25]), cancer (1.43 [1.19, 1.71]) or respiratory/cardiovascular conditions (1.18 [1.00, 1.40]/1.23 [1.02, 1.47]). Long COVID-related financial toxicity was associated with female sex, age <65 years, lack of medical insurance, current paid employment, residence region, food insecurity, fatigue, mild to severe depression symptoms experienced during the survey completion, visits to hospital emergency rooms, presence of arthritis, cardiovascular or respiratory conditions, and social activity limitations. In conclusion, American adults with Long COVID, but not those who had prior COVID-19 infection without Long COVID, exhibited a higher prevalence of financial toxicity compared to individuals with common comorbidities. Vulnerable populations were at greater risk for financial toxicity. These findings emphasize the importance of evaluating strategies to reduce economic burden and increase awareness of the effect of Long COVID-related financial toxicity on patient's healthcare and health status.Copyright: © 2024 Su et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.