廉价的护理点 (POC) 分析解决方案有可能允许实施大规模筛查活动，旨在确定人群中疾病的初始阶段，降低发病率和死亡率，并间接降低医疗保健成本系统。在全球范围内，最常见的预防性筛查计划针对某些癌症病理或用于监测某些传染病的传播。然而，即使在慢性疾病的情况下，系统测试也可能对改善护理反应具有决定性作用，在本次综述中，我们分析了慢性肾病、慢性阻塞性肺病和多发性硬化症的 POC 诊断的最新技术硬化。已经描述了用于制造生物传感器和评估所产生的数据的不同技术选项，并且该信息已与相对于已提议用于监测此类疾病的生物标志物的现有知识相结合，即它们的可用性和可靠性。最后，我们讨论了用于捕获生物标记物的大分子的性质与生物标记物性质的关系。版权所有 © 2024。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版。

Inexpensive point-of-care (POC) analytical solutions have the potential to allow the implementation of large-scale screening campaigns aimed at identifying the initial stages of pathologies in the population, reducing morbidity, mortality and, indirectly, also the costs for the healthcare system. At global level, the most common preventive screening schemes address some cancer pathologies or are used to monitor the spread of some infective diseases. However, systematic testing might become decisive to improve the care response even in the case of chronic pathologies and, in this review, we analyzed the state-of-the-art of the POC diagnostics for Chronic Kidney Disease, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Multiple Sclerosis. The different technological options used to manufacture the biosensors and evaluate the produced data have been described and this information has been integrated with the present knowledge relatively to the biomarkers that have been proposed to monitor such diseases, namely their availability and reliability. Finally, the nature of the macromolecules used to capture the biomarkers has been discussed in relation to the biomarker nature.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.