放射治疗是一种尚未充分研究的工具，用于启动完整人类乳腺癌的免疫系统。我们在此寻求调查，在雌激素受体阳性、HER2Neu 非扩增乳腺癌中，术前加强放疗是否与肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞的显着变化相关。20 名患者参加了一项 II 期临床试验，并接受了 7.5 Gy x 1 次或 2Gy x 5 次，在手术前 6-8 天完成。在苏木精和伊红染色的样品上评估间质肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞（TIL）的百分比。根据加强放疗后 6 个月内的手术时间、毒性和美容情况评估短期安全性。完成加强放疗后 6-8 天间质 TIL 增加（放疗前与放疗前中位值相比，中位值 3.0 (IQR 1.0-6.5)）放疗后 5.0 (IQR 1.5-8.0)，p=0.0037。在加强后 6 个月内，94% (16/17) 的患者在保乳后进行 6 个月的随访美容评估，出现了 0 级 ≥ 3 的毒性。经医生评估，美容效果极佳。在这项 II 期试验中，术前加强放疗导致基质 TIL 短期增加，且毒性最小。术前乳腺放疗似乎是安全的，可能是启动肿瘤微环境的可行方法。版权所有 © 2024 年。由爱思唯尔公司出版。

Radiotherapy is an under-investigated tool for priming the immune system in intact human breast cancers. We sought here to investigate if a preoperative radiotherapy boost delivered was associated with a significant change in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in the tumor in estrogen receptor positive, HER2Neu non-amplified breast cancers.20 patients were enrolled in a phase II clinical trial and received either 7.5Gy x 1 fraction or 2Gy x 5 fractions, completed 6-8 days prior to surgery. Percent stromal tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were evaluated on hematoxylin and eosin-stained samples. Short-term safety was assessed based on time to surgery, toxicities, and cosmesis up to 6 months following boost.Stromal TIL increased 6-8 days following completion of boost radiotherapy (median 3.0 (IQR 1.0-6.5) prior to radiotherapy vs. median 5.0 (IQR 1.5-8.0) post radiotherapy, p=0.0037. Zero grade ≥ 3 toxicities up to 6 months following boost were experienced. 94% (16/17) patients with 6 month follow-up cosmetic assessment following breast conservation had good-excellent cosmesis by physician assessment.In this phase II trial, preoperative radiotherapy boost resulted in a short-term increase in stromal TIL with minimal toxicities. Preoperative breast radiotherapy appears to be safe and may be a feasible means for priming the tumor microenvironment.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.