人们一直致力于在组织学和遗传水平上探索肿瘤异质性对癌症治疗的影响。为了准确测量肿瘤内的异质性，开发了一种称为栖息地成像的非侵入性成像技术。该技术通过将复杂的肿瘤划分为不同的子区域（称为栖息地）来量化肿瘤内的异质性。本文综述了栖息地成像在癌症治疗中的以下几个方面，重点是放射治疗：（1）用于评估肿瘤生理学的栖息地成像生物标志物； (2) 栖息地生成方法； (3) 努力将另一种成像量化方法放射组学与栖息地成像相结合； (4) 栖息地成像相关的技术挑战和潜在解决方案； (5) 栖息地成像的病理学验证以及如何利用它来通过预测治疗反应（包括生存率、复发和病理反应）以及正在进行的开放临床试验来评估癌症治疗。© 2024。作者。

Extensive efforts have been dedicated to exploring the impact of tumor heterogeneity on cancer treatment at both histological and genetic levels. To accurately measure intra-tumoral heterogeneity, a non-invasive imaging technique, known as habitat imaging, was developed. The technique quantifies intra-tumoral heterogeneity by dividing complex tumors into distinct sub- regions, called habitats. This article reviews the following aspects of habitat imaging in cancer treatment, with a focus on radiotherapy: (1) Habitat imaging biomarkers for assessing tumor physiology; (2) Methods for habitat generation; (3) Efforts to combine radiomics, another imaging quantification method, with habitat imaging; (4) Technical challenges and potential solutions related to habitat imaging; (5) Pathological validation of habitat imaging and how it can be utilized to evaluate cancer treatment by predicting treatment response including survival rate, recurrence, and pathological response as well as ongoing open clinical trials.© 2024. The Author(s).