侵袭性真菌感染（IFI）是血液肿瘤（HM）患者发病和死亡的一个相关原因。自2002年以来，出于研究目的，发布了基于宿主因素、临床和放射学特征以及真菌学测试的IFI分类。这些标准广泛应用于临床实践中，以识别有IFI风险的患者。本研究的目的是评估 EORTC/MSG 2008 标准在日常实践中诊断 IFI 的临床适用性。这项多中心、非干预性、观察性、前瞻性研究收集了所有连续接受静脉抗真菌治疗的 HM 住院患者。开始了。排除标准是先前或同时进行的移植手术、门诊状况和口服抗真菌治疗。 EORTC/MSG 2008 标准用于在抗真菌治疗开始时和 30 天时对患者进行分类。独立委员会审查了当地临床医生在 T0 和 T30 给出的 IFI 分类。对于可能的 IFI，发现最高的一致性百分比 (96%)，而对于已证实的 IFI，报告的一致性较低 (74%)，并且变异性最高观察到可能的 IFI (56%)。在 T30 时，董事会重新评估确认仅对可能的 IFI 达成严格协议 (98%)。在 306 名可能的患者中，156 名 (51%) 患者表现出非典型的放射学表现，45 名 (15%) 患者仅表现出宿主因素。在现实生活中，EORTC/MSG 标准仅适用于可能的 IFI。由于可能的 IFI 中报告了非典型放射学结果，因此应考虑引入新的 IFI 类别。© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH。约翰·威利出版

Invasive fungal infections (IFI) are a relevant cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with haematological neoplasms (HMs). Since 2002, a classification of IFI based on host factors, clinical and radiological features and mycological tests was published for research purpose.These criteria are widely used in clinical practice to identify patients at risk for IFI. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical applicability of EORTC/MSG 2008 criteria for the diagnosis of IFI in daily practice.This multicentre, non-interventional, observational, prospective study gathered all consecutive inpatients with HMs in which an intravenous antifungal treatment was started. Exclusion criteria were a previous or concomitant transplant procedure, outpatient status and oral antifungal therapy. EORTC/MSG 2008 criteria were used to classify patients at the beginning of antifungal therapy and at 30 days. An independent board reviewed the classification of IFI given by local clinicians at T0 and T30.The highest percentage of agreement was found for possible IFI (96%), while a lower agreement was reported for proven IFI (74%), and the highest variability was observed for probable IFI (56%). At T30, the board re-evaluation confirmed a strict agreement for possible IFI only (98%). Among 306 patients classified as possible, 156 (51%) patients showed non-typical radiological findings and 45 (15%) patients presented host factors only.In real life, the EORTC/MSG criteria can be applicable only for possible IFI. As non-typical radiological findings are reported in possible IFI, introducing a new IFI category should be considered.© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.