胶质母细胞瘤是最常见的原发性恶性脑肿瘤。尽管对该疾病进行了数十年的深入研究，但其预后仍然很差，诊断后平均生存期仅为 14 个月。患者内部和患者间显着的异质性无疑是导致治疗这种肿瘤缺乏进展的原因之一。表观遗传失调在胶质母细胞瘤生物学中发挥着重要作用，并显着影响肿瘤内的异质性。然而，越来越清楚的是，它也会导致肿瘤间异质性，这在历史上主要与不同患者中发生的不同遗传事件有关。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了 DNA 甲基化、染色质重塑、微小 RNA (miRNA) 失调和长非编码 RNA (lncRNA) 改变如何导致胶质母细胞瘤的肿瘤间异质性，包括其对晚期肿瘤分层的影响，这是发展胶质母细胞瘤的重要第一步。更有效的针对患者的治疗方法。© 2024 作者。约翰·威利出版的《分子肿瘤学》

Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumour. Despite decades of intensive research in the disease, its prognosis remains poor, with an average survival of only 14 months after diagnosis. The remarkable level of intra- and interpatient heterogeneity is certainly contributing to the lack of progress in tackling this tumour. Epigenetic dysregulation plays an important role in glioblastoma biology and significantly contributes to intratumour heterogeneity. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that it also contributes to intertumour heterogeneity, which historically had mainly been linked to diverse genetic events occurring in different patients. In this review, we explore how DNA methylation, chromatin remodelling, microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation, and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) alterations contribute to intertumour heterogeneity in glioblastoma, including its implications for advanced tumour stratification, which is the essential first step for developing more effective patient-specific therapeutic approaches.© 2024 The Author(s). Molecular Oncology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Federation of European Biochemical Societies.