小儿脑肿瘤的病毒免疫疗法的新兴领域
The emerging field of viroimmunotherapy for pediatric brain tumors
影响因子:13.40000
分区:医学1区 Top / 临床神经病学1区 肿瘤学1区
发表日期:2024 Nov 04
作者:
Marc Garcia-Moure, Virginia Laspidea, Sumit Gupta, Andrew G Gillard, Soumen Khatua, Akhila Parthasarathy, Jiasen He, Frederick F Lang, Juan Fueyo, Marta M Alonso, Candelaria Gomez-Manzano
摘要
小儿脑肿瘤是儿童最常见的实体瘤。即使迄今为止，随着多模式治疗管理的进步，在某些类型的肿瘤（例如小儿型弥漫性高度神经胶质瘤或中枢神经系统胚胎肿瘤）中，生存结果仍然令人沮丧。不理解复杂的分子异质性以及难以捉摸的肿瘤和微环境相互作用会继续破坏治疗功效。制定一种可以改善这些致命肿瘤生存的策略在小儿神经肿瘤学中仍未得到满足。溶瘤病毒（OVS）正在成为可行，安全且有希望的脑肿瘤疗法。病毒疗法的新范式表明，在某些情况下，直接的细胞质效应遵循了抗肿瘤免疫反应，负责部分或完全缓解肿瘤肿块。单独使用或与其他治疗方式结合使用，主要用于成人神经肿瘤学。在小儿脑肿瘤模型中鼓励临床前研究的激增，最近导致了OVS的临床翻译，这些肿瘤的结果令人鼓舞。在这篇综述中，我们总结了小儿脑肿瘤中临床前和临床研究中测试的不同病毒疗法，并讨论了改善这些肿瘤对这种类型疗法的反应所必需的局限性和未来途径。版权所有。有关商业重复使用，请联系reprints@oup.com，以获取转载和翻译权以进行转载。所有其他权限都可以通过我们的restrimlink服务通过我们网站上文章页面上的“权限链接”获得 - 有关更多信息，请联系journals.permissions.permissions@oup.com。
Abstract
Pediatric brain tumors are the most common solid tumors in children. Even to date, with the advances in multimodality therapeutic management, survival outcomes remain dismal in some types of tumors, such as pediatric-type diffuse high-grade gliomas or central nervous system embryonal tumors. Failure to understand the complex molecular heterogeneity and the elusive tumor and microenvironment interplay continues to undermine therapeutic efficacy. Developing a strategy that would improve survival for these fatal tumors remains unmet in pediatric neuro-oncology. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are emerging as a feasible, safe, and promising therapy for brain tumors. The new paradigm in virotherapy implies that the direct cytopathic effect is followed, under certain circumstances, by an antitumor immune response responsible for the partial or complete debulking of the tumor mass. OVs alone or combined with other therapeutic modalities have been primarily used in adult neuro-oncology. A surge in encouraging preclinical studies in pediatric brain tumor models recently led to the clinical translation of OVs with encouraging results in these tumors. In this review, we summarize the different virotherapy tested in preclinical and clinical studies in pediatric brain tumors, and we discuss the limitations and future avenues necessary to improve the response of these tumors to this type of therapy.© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Neuro-Oncology. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.