癌症基因组学发现了许多在癌症发生和进展中发挥关键作用的癌基因和肿瘤抑制基因。癌基因促进细胞生长和增殖，而抑癌基因则抑制细胞生长和分裂。这些基因的失调可能导致癌症的发生。最近的研究重点关注非编码 RNA (ncRNA)，包括环状 RNA (circRNA)、长链非编码 RNA (lncRNA) 和 microRNA (miRNA)，作为癌症的治疗靶点。在本文中，我们讨论了与不同类型癌症相关的 ncRNA 的癌基因和抑癌基因及其作为治疗靶点的潜力。在这里，我们重点介绍这些基因的作用机制及其在癌症治疗中的临床应用。了解癌症发展的分子机制并确定特定的治疗靶点是开发有效癌症治疗的重要步骤。© 2024 作者。

Cancer genomics has led to the discovery of numerous oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes that play critical roles in cancer development and progression. Oncogenes promote cell growth and proliferation, whereas tumor suppressor genes inhibit cell growth and division. The dysregulation of these genes can lead to the development of cancer. Recent studies have focused on non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including circular RNA (circRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and microRNA (miRNA), as therapeutic targets for cancer. In this article, we discuss the oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes of ncRNAs associated with different types of cancer and their potential as therapeutic targets. Here, we highlight the mechanisms of action of these genes and their clinical applications in cancer treatment. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer development and identifying specific therapeutic targets are essential steps towards the development of effective cancer treatments.© 2024 The Author(s).