除了临床和实验室检查结果之外，影像学在各种感染性和非感染性肌肉骨骼 (MSK) 疾病的初步评估和治疗随访中也发挥着重要作用。许多非感染性 MSK 过程的影像学表现，例如炎症、代谢和退行性关节病、糖尿病并发症、骨和软组织损伤、骨坏死、肿瘤和肿瘤样病变，可能是非特异性的，并且常常与发现的结果重叠在 MSK 斯隆感染中。在本文中，作者讨论了常见和罕见的 MSK 感染模仿者的影像学表现，包括潜在的显着特征。© 2024。作者，获得国际骨骼协会 (ISS) 的独家许可。

Along with clinical and laboratory findings, imaging has a significant role in the initial evaluation and treatment follow-up of a wide variety of infectious and non-infectious musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions. The imaging findings of many non-infectious MSK processes, such as inflammatory, metabolic, and degenerative arthropathies, complications of diabetes mellitus, osseous and soft tissue injuries, osteonecrosis, tumors, and tumor-like lesions may be nonspecific and often overlap with those found in MSK infections. In this article, the authors discuss the imaging findings of both frequent and rare mimickers of MSK infections, including potential distinguishing characteristics.© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to International Skeletal Society (ISS).