大多数恶性实体癌的临床治疗标准是手术，其次是术后辅助治疗，但术后遗留的微肿瘤病灶和看不见的远处转移是治疗失败的主要原因。在此，我们报告了一种综合策略，将表面增强拉曼光谱 (SERS) 手术导航与近红外 II 光热治疗和程序性死亡 1 抗体引发的术后免疫治疗相结合。 SERS手术导航主要基于多功能光学探针（即MATRA探针），结合T1加权磁共振（MR）成像、光热效应和拉曼光谱检测。我们在4T1乳腺肿瘤小鼠模型中证明，术前MR/SERS双模态成像能够提供全面的肿瘤信息，术中SERS检测可以准确勾画肿瘤边缘，以最少的时间实时指导手术切除。残留的显微病灶。我们验证了术后免疫治疗有效根除局部微肿瘤病灶和肉眼看不见的远处转移，极大地抑制了术后癌症复发和远处转移。

The standard of clinical care of most malignant solid cancers is surgery, followed by postsurgical adjuvant therapy, but microtumor lesions left behind after surgery and invisible distant metastases are the major reasons for treatment failure. Here, we report an integrated strategy combining surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) surgical navigation with postsurgical immunotherapy elicited by near-infrared II photothermal treatment and programmed death-1 antibody. The SERS surgical navigation is principally based on the multifunctional optical probes (namely, MATRA probes) integrating with T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, photothermal effect and Raman spectroscopic detection. We demonstrate in a 4T1 breast tumor mouse model that the pre-surgical MR/SERS dual-modal imaging is capable of providing comprehensive tumor information, and intraoperative SERS detection allows accurately delineating the tumor margins and guiding the surgical resection in real time with the least residual microscopic foci. We verify that the postsurgical immunotherapy effectively eradicates those local microtumor lesions and invisible distant metastases, greatly inhibiting the postsurgical cancer recurrence and distant metastasis.