脱髓鞘是一种常见但严重的神经系统疾病，与多发性硬化症 (MS) 相关。铜宗 (CZ) 模型通过氧化应激和神经炎症引起脱髓鞘，是研究人员用来检查这一过程的常用工具。多酚白藜芦醇（RESV）已成为寻求有效疗法的有前途的神经保护剂。在给予 CZ 的大鼠模型中，我们创建并检查了负载 RESV 的氧化铁纳米粒子 (IONP) (IONP-RESV)，以了解它们作为对抗游离 RESV 的治疗剂的有效性。根据分子机制，暴露于 CZ 会导致髓磷脂蛋白脂质蛋白 (PLP) 表达显着下调，以及炎症标志物肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α) 和 S100β 过度表达，这些都是脱髓鞘和神经炎症的指标。值得注意的是，这些 CZ 引起的改变可以通过 RESV 或 IONP-RESV 治疗来逆转。有趣的是，IONP-RESV 显示出更强的抗炎活性，TNF-α 和 S100β 表达的下调更明显。这些结果通过大脑皮质的组织病理学检查得到证实。我们的研究结果支持负载 RESV 的 IONP 在减少 CZ 引起的脱髓鞘和神经炎症方面比游离 RESV 具有更好的神经保护作用。由于其促髓鞘再生、抗炎和抗氧化特性，RESV 负载的 IONP 在未来有望成为多发性硬化症等神经系统疾病的神经治疗干预措施。© 2024。作者。

Demyelination is a frequent yet crippling neurological disease associated with multiple sclerosis (MS). The cuprizone (CZ) model, which causes demyelination through oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, is a popular tool used by researchers to examine this process. The polyphenol resveratrol (RESV) has become a promising neuroprotective agent in seeking for efficient therapies. In a rat model given CZ, we created and examined iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) loaded with RESV (IONP-RESV) to see how effective they were as a therapeutic agent against free RESV. According to molecular mechanisms, exposure to CZ resulted in a marked downregulation of myelin proteolipid protein (PLP) expression and an overexpression of the inflammatory markers tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and S100β, which are indicators of demyelination and neuroinflammation. It is remarkable that these CZ-induced alterations could be reversed by therapy with either RESV or IONP-RESV. Interestingly, IONP-RESV showed even stronger anti-inflammatory activity, as shown by a more noticeable downregulation of TNF-α and S100β expression. These results were confirmed by histopathological examination of the cerebral cortices. Our findings support the better neuroprotective benefits of RESV-loaded IONPs over free RESV in reducing demyelination and neuroinflammation brought on by CZ. Owing to their pro-remyelinating, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, RESV-loaded IONPs show promise as a neurotherapeutic intervention in the future for neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis.© 2024. The Author(s).