雷帕霉素复合物 1 (mTORC1) 的机制靶点对于通过平衡合成代谢和分解代谢过程来响应各种环境因素（如营养物质、生长因子、能量状态、氧水平和压力）来维持细胞和有机体稳态是不可或缺的。 mTORC1 信号传导失调与多种人类疾病的进展相关，包括癌症、年龄相关疾病、神经退行性疾病和代谢疾病。 mTORC1 感知各种上游信号并将其转化为特定下游反应的方式仍然是一个关键问题，对我们对相关生理和病理过程的感知产生重大影响。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了 mTORC1 信号通路营养感应的最新分子和功能见解，以及解除营养-mTORC1 信号传导在癌症和年龄相关疾病中的新作用。版权所有 © 2024。由 Elsevier Ltd 出版。

The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is indispensable for preserving cellular and organismal homeostasis by balancing the anabolic and catabolic processes in response to various environmental cues, such as nutrients, growth factors, energy status, oxygen levels, and stress. Dysregulation of mTORC1 signaling is associated with the progression of many types of human disorders including cancer, age-related diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic diseases. The way mTORC1 senses various upstream signals and converts them into specific downstream responses remains a crucial question with significant impacts for our perception of the related physiological and pathological process. In this review, we discuss the recent molecular and functional insights into the nutrient sensing of the mTORC1 signaling pathway, along with the emerging role of deregulating nutrient-mTORC1 signaling in cancer and age-related disorders.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.