在口腔癌的各种表现中，舌鳞状细胞癌（TSCC）是这种情况最常见的形式。 TSCC 代表了癌症治疗领域的重大挑战。小干扰 RNA (siRNA) 的出现为 TSCC 的治疗干预开辟了新途径。这项研究概述了 siRNA 介导的机制，并强调了它们在调节与 TSCC 进展相关的关键信号通路中的复杂参与。 2004年至2023年的相关文章使用不同的关键词进行，例如“干扰RNA”和“小干扰”。检索遵循基于纳入和排除标准的系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目 (PRISMA) 指南。研究的质量使用建议评估、制定和评估分级 (GRADE) 标准进行评估。对所选研究（n=17）进行综合分析。我们得出的结论是，PI3K/AKT 和 ERK 通路（TSCC 中的致癌信号级联之一）值得注意。 siRNA 及其在靶向特定信号通路中的作用有助于我们了解 TSCC 的分子机制，这可能导致开发有前景的 TSCC 疗法。这些疗法具有个性化、精准、靶向递送以及克服耐药性的潜力等优点。因此，这项研究增强了我们对基于 siRNA 的干预措施在 TSCC 中的临床潜力的理解。

Among the various manifestations of oral cavity cancer, tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC), is the most common form of this condition. TSCC represents a major challenge in the field of cancer treatment. The emergence of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) has opened new avenues for therapeutic intervention in TSCC. This research provides an overview of siRNA-mediated mechanisms and emphasizes their complex involvement in modulating key signaling pathways associated with TSCC progression. Relevant articles from 2004 to 2023 were conducted by using different keywords, such as "Interfering RNA " and "Small Interfering ". The search was following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria. The selected studies (n=17) were subjected to perform comprehensive analysis. We concluded that the PI3K/AKT and ERK pathways, one of oncogenic signaling cascades in TSCC is notable. siRNAs and their role in targeting specific signaling pathways help us understand the molecular mechanisms underlying TSCC that may lead to the development promising therapies for TSCC. These therapies have the advantage of personalization and precision, targeted delivery, and the potential to overcome drug resistance. Therefore, the study enhances our comprehension of siRNA-based interventions' clinical potential in TSCC.