乳腺癌是全球主要的公共卫生问题，是女性中最常诊断出的癌症，也是癌症相关死亡的主要原因。最近的研究强调了非组蛋白甲基化在乳腺癌中的重要性，它调节靶蛋白的活性、相互作用、定位和稳定性。这种调节影响肿瘤发生、肿瘤生长、增殖、侵袭、迁移和免疫反应等关键过程。本综述深入研究了负责非组蛋白甲基化的酶，例如蛋白质精氨酸甲基转移酶 (PRMT)、赖氨酸甲基转移酶 (KMT) 和去甲基化酶，并探讨了它们在乳腺癌中的作用。通过阐明非组蛋白甲基化的分子机制和功能后果，本综述旨在为针对这些途径的新治疗策略提供见解。还讨论了针对非组蛋白甲基化克服耐药性并增强乳腺癌治疗效果的治疗潜力，强调了未来研究和临床应用的有希望的途径。版权所有 © 2024。由 Elsevier Ltd 出版。

Breast cancer is a major public health concern worldwide, being the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Recent studies have highlighted the significance of non-histone methylation in breast cancer, which modulates the activity, interaction, localization, and stability of target proteins. This regulation affects critical processes such as oncogenesis, tumor growth, proliferation, invasion, migration, and immune responses. This review delves into the enzymes responsible for non-histone methylation, such as protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), lysine methyltransferases (KMTs), and demethylases, and explores their roles in breast cancer. By elucidating the molecular mechanisms and functional consequences of non-histone methylation, this review aims to provide insights into novel therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways. The therapeutic potential of targeting non-histone methylation to overcome drug resistance and enhance treatment efficacy in breast cancer is also discussed, highlighting promising avenues for future research and clinical applications.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.