饮食与疾病关联研究越来越多地使用饮食模式（DP）来解释暴露的复杂性。我们评估了与 2 型糖尿病、CVD 和全因死亡率相关的 DP 是否也与结直肠癌 (CRC) 相关。我们使用 24 小时回忆数据的降序回归来确定解释四种营养素最大变异的 DP -响应变量：能量密度、饱和脂肪酸、游离糖和纤维密度。 Cox 比例风险模型检查了 DP 依从性（以连续尺度编码为 z 分数以及五分位数）与事件 CRC 之间的前瞻性关联。对肿瘤部位、年龄和性别进行了亚组分析。排除后，在中位随访 8.0 年的时间里，114,443 名参与者中出现了 1,089 例 CRC 病例。 DP1 的特点是增加巧克力和糖果、黄油、低纤维面包、红肉和加工肉类以及酒精的摄入量，以及减少水果、蔬菜和高纤维谷物的摄入量。考虑到体重等混杂因素后，DP1 与总体 CRC 事件（五分位 5 与 1 的 HR：1.34，95%CI 1.16-1.53​​，PTrend=0.005）和直肠癌（五分位 5 的 HR vs. 1：1.58，95%CI 1.27-1.96，PTrend=0.009），但不适用于近端或远端结肠癌。没有观察到 DP2-CRC 关联。以前与心脏代谢疾病相关的 DP 也与 CRC 相关，尤其是直肠癌。特定食物组与心脏代谢疾病和这种饮食相关癌症的这些一致关联加强了证据基础预防疾病的整体人口膳食指南。

Diet-disease association studies increasingly use dietary patterns (DPs) to account for the complexity of the exposure. We assessed if a DP associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, CVD, and all-cause mortality is also associated with colorectal cancer (CRC).We used reduced rank regression on 24-h recall data to identify DPs explaining the maximum variation in four nutrient-response variables: energy density, saturated fatty acids, free sugars and fibre density. Cox-proportional hazards models examined prospective associations between DP adherence (coded in a continuous scale as z-scores as well as in quintiles) and incident CRC. Subgroup analyses were conducted for tumour site, age, and sex.Post-exclusions, 1,089 CRC cases occurred in 114,443 participants over a median follow-up of 8.0 years. DP1 was characterised by increased intake of chocolate and confectionery, butter, low-fibre bread, red and processed meats and alcohol, as well as low fruit, vegetable, and high-fibre cereal intake. After accounting for confounders, including body mass, there were positive linear associations between DP1 and incident overall CRC (HR of quintile 5 vs. 1: 1.34, 95%CI 1.16-1.53, PTrend=0.005) and rectal cancer (HR of quintile 5 vs. 1: 1.58, 95%CI 1.27-1.96, PTrend=0.009), but not for proximal or distal colon cancers. No DP2-CRC association was observed.A DP previously associated with cardio-metabolic disease is also associated with incident CRC, especially rectal cancers.These consistent associations of particular food groups with both cardiometabolic disease and this diet-related cancer strengthen the evidence base for holistic population dietary guidelines to prevent ill-health.