Ferluago W.D.J. Koch属包括48种公认的多年生草本植物，分布于地中海地区、东南欧、亚洲中部和中东地区。这些植物因其具有抗微生物、抗炎、抗癌和免疫调节特性等生物学功效而广泛用于民间和传统医学。基于香豆素的结构活性关系 (SAR) 进行全面综述（此前尚未有文献记载），可以更好地了解阿魏属及其有益的治疗活性。这篇综述涵盖了 1969 年至 2023 年的文献，从各种科学电子数据库收集，以审查阿魏属物种的植物化学、药理学和民族药理学数据，以及有关该属报告的香豆素的 SAR 的最新信息。植物化学研究表明，该属的生物作用是由报告的专门物质介导的代谢物，例如香豆素和类黄酮。简单香豆素、异戊二烯香豆素、呋喃香豆素和吡喃香豆素是在不同阿魏属植物中发现的最大的香豆素亚类，人们重点讨论了它们的生物效应，重点是构效关系（SAR）。例如，异戊二烯化香豆素在 7-羟基以及支架中的 C6 和 C8 位置被异戊二烯基取代时，显示出潜在的杀利什曼和抗神经精神作用。类似地，呋喃香豆素表现出多种生物活性，例如抗炎、抗增殖和抗惊厥作用。修改呋喃香豆素中 C5 和 C6 位置的取代可以增强这些活性。本研究对阿魏属植物化学和药理学特征的所有可用信息进行了全面审查。鉴于该属香豆素的出现率很高，具有潜在的抗阿尔茨海默病和抗微生物特性，因此它为解决这些常见问题提供了有希望的新治疗途径。需要进一步研究以了解分子水平的作用机制并探索其临床应用。© 2024。作者，获得德黑兰医科大学的独家许可。

The Ferluago W.D.J. Koch genus includes 48 accepted perennial herbs that are distributed in the Mediterranean region, Southeast Europe, Central and Middle East of Asia. These plants are widely used in folk and conventional medicine due to their biological benefits such as anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and immunomodulatory properties. Conducting a comprehensive review based on the structure activity relationships (SARs) of the coumarins, which has not been previously documented, can lead to a better insight into the genus Ferulago and its beneficial therapeutic activities.This review covers literature from 1969 to 2023, were collected from various scientific electronic databases to review phytochemical, pharmacological, and ethnopharmacological data of Ferulago species, as well as latest information on the SAR of reported coumarins from this genus.Phytochemical studies showed that the biological actions of this genus are mediated by the reported specialized metabolites, such as coumarins and flavonoids. Simple coumarins, prenylated coumarins, furanocoumarins, and pyranocoumarins are the largest subclasses of coumarins found in diverse Ferulago species, which have discussed the biological effects of them with a focus on the Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR). For example, prenylated coumarins have shown potential leishmanicidal and anti-neuropsychiatric effects when substituted with a prenyl group at the 7-hydroxy, as well as the C6 and C8 positions in their scaffold. Similarly, furanocoumarins exhibit varied biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, and anti-convulsant effects. Modifying substitutions at the C5 and C6 positions in furanocoumarins can enhance these activities.This study conducted a comprehensive review of all available information on the phytochemical and pharmacological characteristics of Ferulago species. Given the high occurrence of coumarins in this genus, which exhibit potential anti-Alzheimer and anti-microbial properties, it presents promising new therapeutic avenues for addressing these common issues. Further investigation is needed to understand the molecular-level mechanisms of action and to explore their clinical applications.© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Tehran University of Medical Sciences.