鼻咽癌（NPC）是一种明显的恶性肿瘤，其潜在机制尚不完全清楚，因此需要进一步研究其多样化和动态的肿瘤微环境（TME），以提高诊断、治疗和预后的准确性。为了追踪转移的进化途径，我们在这里进行了一项研究从 24 个原发性癌、7 个外周血单核细胞 (PBMC) 鼻咽癌和 7 个转移性癌患者样本中获得 scRNA-seq 数据。经过高质量控制和过滤，来自这些肿瘤的总共 292,298 个细胞被分为 10 个簇： T细胞、B细胞、巨噬细胞/单核细胞、自然杀伤（NK）细胞、浆细胞、浆细胞样树突细胞、迁移树突细胞、肥大细胞、癌症相关成纤维细胞和上皮细胞。通过比较和分析细胞的不同功能能力通过对原发性和转移性鼻咽癌内的实体进行详细研究，结合对 T 细胞、B 细胞和骨髓细胞的异质性和差异命运轨迹的详细研究，以及评估这些致癌状态之间细胞间通讯异质性的相互作用，我们建立了原发性和转移性肿瘤的单细胞图谱，并确定了大量潜在的治疗靶点。这项综合分析通过详细介绍单细胞的进化动力学和肿瘤微环境的影响，显着增进了我们对鼻咽癌（NPC）转移的理解分辨率，从而为未来转移性肿瘤研究奠定重要基础，并为鼻咽癌的免疫异质性、分子相互作用和潜在治疗策略提供新见解。© 2024。作者。

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an assertive malignancy with partially understood underlying mechanisms, urging further study into its diverse and dynamic tumor microenvironment (TME) to bolster diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic accuracy.To track the evolutionary route of metastasis, here we perform a yielding scRNA-seq data from 24 primary carcinoma, 7 peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and 7 metastatic carcinoma patients' sample.Following high quality control and filtration, a total of 292,298 cells from these tumors were classified into 10 clusters: T cells, B cells, Macrophages/Monocytes, Natural Killer (NK) cells, Plasma cells, plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells, Migratory Dendritic Cells, Mast cells, Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts, and Epithelial cells.By comparing and analyzing the different functional capacities of cellular entities within primary and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma, coupled with a detailed investigation into the heterogeneity and differential fate trajectories of T cells, B cells, and myeloid cells, as well as assessing the interactions of cell-cell communicative heterogeneity between these carcinogenic states, we established single-cell atlases for primary and metastatic tumors and identified a large number of potential therapeutic targets.This comprehensive analysis significantly advances our understanding of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) metastasis by detailing the evolutionary dynamics and the impact of the tumor microenvironment at a single-cell resolution, thereby laying a crucial foundation for future metastatic tumor research and providing new insights into immune heterogeneity, molecular interactions, and potential therapeutic strategies for NPC.© 2024. The Author(s).