肝细胞癌（HCC）是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因。肝移植（LT）已成为HCC患者的关键治疗方法，米兰标准已被采用作为选择政策的基石。为了让更多的患者从 LT 中受益，人们提出了许多扩展的标准，其中许多标准使用较大和更多肿瘤的放射学形态特征作为预测结果的替代指标。其他小组制定了纳入生物变量和局部治疗反应动态标记的指数。这些扩大的选择标准在肝脏供应有限的情况下取得了令人满意的结果。此外，还利用临床病理特征、影像放射组学特征、遗传数据和人工智能等先进技术开发了许多预后模型。这些模型可以改善 HCC 患者的预后估计、建立监测策略并支持长期结果。在本研究中，我们回顾了有关 HCC 患者 LT 的选择标准和移植后预后模型的最新发现和成就。

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-associated death globally. Liver transplantation (LT) has emerged as a key treatment for patients with HCC, and the Milan criteria have been adopted as the cornerstone of the selection policy. To allow more patients to benefit from LT, a number of expanded criteria have been proposed, many of which use radiologic morphological characteristics with larger and more tumors as surrogates to predict outcomes. Other groups developed indices incorporating biological variables and dynamic markers of response to locoregional treatment. These expanded selection criteria achieved satisfactory results with limited liver supplies. In addition, a number of prognostic models have been developed using clinicopathological characteristics, imaging radiomics features, genetic data, and advanced techniques such as artificial intelligence. These models could improve prognostic estimation, establish surveillance strategies, and bolster long-term outcomes in patients with HCC. In this study, we reviewed the latest findings and achievements regarding the selection criteria and post-transplant prognostic models for LT in patients with HCC.