转移瘤是由原发肿瘤播散的癌细胞亚群产生的1,2。癌细胞在新组织部位繁殖的能力受到遗传和表观遗传变化的影响，这些变化对于疾病的发生和进展很重要，但仅这些因素并不能预测癌症是否转移以及转移到何处3,4。特定的癌症类型会转移到一致的组织子集，这表明原发性肿瘤相关因素会影响癌症的生长位置。我们发现原发性和转移性胰腺肿瘤具有代谢相似性，并且相对于转移部位，原发部位更有利于原发细胞和转移细胞的肿瘤起始能力和增殖。此外，在肺或肝中增殖细胞作为肿瘤不会增强它们在这些部位形成大肿瘤的相对能力，不会改变它们在原发部位生长的偏好，也不会稳定地改变它们相对于原发肿瘤的代谢方面。相对于转移部位，原发性肝癌和肺癌细胞也表现出在原发部位生长的偏好。这些数据表明，癌组织来源会影响原发性和转移性肿瘤代谢，并可能影响癌细胞的转移位置。© 2024。作者，获得 Springer Nature Limited 的独家许可。

Metastases arise from subsets of cancer cells that disseminate from the primary tumour1,2. The ability of cancer cells to thrive in a new tissue site is influenced by genetic and epigenetic changes that are important for disease initiation and progression, but these factors alone do not predict if and where cancers metastasize3,4. Specific cancer types metastasize to consistent subsets of tissues, suggesting that primary tumour-associated factors influence where cancers can grow. We find primary and metastatic pancreatic tumours have metabolic similarities and that the tumour-initiating capacity and proliferation of both primary-derived and metastasis-derived cells is favoured in the primary site relative to the metastatic site. Moreover, propagating cells as tumours in the lung or the liver does not enhance their relative ability to form large tumours in those sites, change their preference to grow in the primary site, nor stably alter aspects of their metabolism relative to primary tumours. Primary liver and lung cancer cells also exhibit a preference to grow in their primary site relative to metastatic sites. These data suggest cancer tissue of origin influences both primary and metastatic tumour metabolism and may impact where cancer cells can metastasize.© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.