去骨瓣减压术（DC）被认为是难治性颅内高压治疗的基石。几十年来，DC 被认为是一种偶尔能挽救生命的手术。然而，它与许多严重的并发症有关。本研究是一项单中心回顾性病例系列研究，纳入了 2010 年 1 月至 2020 年 12 月期间接受 DC 治疗的 321 例患者。所有患者分为以下四组：A 组包括患有中段占位的患者脑动脉（MCA）缺血事件； B组包括发生脑出血的个体； C组包括因脑外伤入院的患者； D组包括接受DC的其他神经外科疾病的患者，例如蛛网膜下腔出血、肿瘤、脑脓肿和脑室窦血栓事件。本研究共招募了 321 名接受 DC 治疗的患者。 321 名患者中，A 组包括 52 名患者（16.1%），B 组包括 51 名患者（15.8%），C 组包括 164 名患者（51.0%），D 组包括 54 名患者（16.8%）。 321 名患者中，235 名（73.2%）为男性，中位年龄为 53.7 岁。多变量分析显示，只有A组参数是与随访期间格拉斯哥结果量表评分>2相关的独立因素（P<0.05）。总体而言，本研究的结果表明，在接受不同神经实体 DC 的患者中，经历过 MCA 事件的患者具有更有利的结果。版权所有：© 2024 Gatos 等人。

Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is considered a cornerstone in the management of refractory intracranial hypertension. For decades, DC was known as an occasionally lifesaving procedure; however, it was associated with numerous severe complications. The present study is a single-center retrospective case series study on with 321 patients who underwent DC between January, 2010 and December, 2020. All patients were divided into four groups as follows: Group A included patients who suffered from a space-occupying middle cerebral artery (MCA) ischemic event; group B included individuals who developed intracerebral hemorrhage; group C included patients admitted for traumatic brain injury; and group D included patients with other neurosurgical entities that underwent DC, such as subarachnoid hemorrhage, tumors, brain abscess and cerebral ventricular sinus thrombosis events. The present study enrolled a total of 321 patients who underwent DC. Group A included 52 out of the 321 (16.1%) patients, group B included 51 (15.8%) patients, group C included 164 (51.0%) patients, and group D included 54 (16.8%) patients. Of the 321 patients, 235 (73.2%) were males, and the median age was 53.7 years. Multivariate analysis revealed that only the group A parameter was an independent factor associated with a Glasgow outcome scale score >2 during follow-up (P<0.05). On the whole, the results of the present study suggest that among patients who underwent DC with different neurological entities, those who had experienced MCA events had more favorable outcomes.Copyright: © 2024 Gatos et al.