尽管化疗和放疗联合治疗提高了鼻咽癌（NPC）患者的生存率，但某些患者对治疗反应不佳，预后较差。因此，需要新的治疗药物和策略来改善鼻咽癌患者的预后。由于某些植物提取物可以抑制癌细胞的活力，本研究调查了寡酚（一种主要存在于荔枝果实中的多酚化合物）是否在鼻咽癌细胞中发挥抗癌活性。采用 MTT、ELISA 和免疫印迹分别研究细胞存活、细胞角蛋白 18 片段释放以及细胞凋亡和自噬标记物的表达。 Oligonol 降低了 NPC-TW01 和 NPC/HK1NPC 细胞系的活力。 Oligonol 增加了多种细胞凋亡标记物的蛋白表达，包括裂解的 caspase-8 和 -3、裂解的 PARP 和细胞角蛋白 18 片段。此外，它还增加了两种鼻咽癌细胞系中自噬标记物 Beclin 1 和 LC3-II 的表达，以及 LC3-II/LC3-I 比率。此外，用自噬抑制剂 3-甲基腺嘌呤或 LY294002 处理可显着增加寡醇诱导的 NPC-TW01 细胞活力抑制。在 NPC-TW01 细胞中，oligolol LY294002 联合处理可降低 LC3-II 表达和 LC3II/LC3I 比率，同时增加 cleaved caspase-8 和 -3、cleaved PARP 和细胞角蛋白 18 片段的表达。这些发现表明自噬抑制剂可以增强NPC细胞中寡醇诱导的活力抑制和凋亡作用。版权所有：© 2024 Wu et al.

Although the combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy has increased the survival rate of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), certain patients do not respond well to the treatment and have a poor prognosis. Therefore, novel therapeutic drugs and strategies to improve prognosis of patients with NPC are required. As certain plant extracts can suppress the viability of cancer cells, the present study investigated whether oligonol, a polyphenolic compound primarily found in lychee fruit, exerts anticancer activities in NPC cells. MTT, ELISA and immunoblotting were performed to investigate cell survival, cytokeratin-18 fragment release, and the expression of apoptosis and autophagy markers, respectively. Oligonol decreased the viability of NPC-TW01 and NPC/HK1NPC cell lines. Oligonol increased the protein expression of several apoptosis markers, including cleaved caspase-8 and -3, cleaved PARP and cytokeratin 18 fragment. Moreover, it also increased expression of autophagy markers Beclin 1 and LC3-II, as well as LC3-II/LC3-I ratio in both NPC cell lines. Furthermore, treatment with autophagy inhibitors 3-methyladenine or LY294002 significantly increased oligonol-induced viability inhibition in NPC-TW01 cells. Combined treatment of oligonol + LY294002 reduced LC3-II expression and the LC3II/LC3I ratio while increasing cleaved caspase-8 and -3, cleaved PARP and cytokeratin 18 fragment expression in NPC-TW01 cells. These findings indicated autophagy inhibitors could enhance viability inhibition and apoptotic effects induced by oligonol in NPC cells.Copyright: © 2024 Wu et al.