本研究对全球、大陆和国家前列腺癌 (PC)、乳腺癌 (BC) 和甲状腺癌 (TC) 的患病率和死亡率趋势进行了全面分析。利用 2021 年全球疾病负担 (GBD2021) 数据，检查了 2021 年的患病率和死亡率，并通过 Joinpoint 回归分析了 1990 年至 2021 年的时间趋势。年度百分比变化 (APC) 和平均 APC (AAPC) 采用 95% 置信区间 (CI) 计算。使用不平等斜率指数和集中指数来量化分配不平等。 2021 年，与非洲和亚洲相比，欧洲和美洲 PC、BC 和 TC 的全球年龄标准化患病率 (ASPR) 更高，而非洲 PC 和 BC 的年龄标准化死亡率 (ASDR) 更高。在研究期间，观察到 PC（AAPC = 0.78，95% CI：0.67 至 0.89）、BC（AAPC = 0.31，95% CI：0.24 至 0.37）和 TC（AAPC = 1.42， 95% CI：1.31 至 1.52）。相反，PC（AAPC = -0.83，95% CI：-0.92 至 -0.74）、BC（AAPC = -0.48，95% CI：-0.56 至 -0.39）和 TC（AAPC = -0.23， 95% CI：-0.29 至 -0.17）。不同大陆和不同时期观察到了变化，影响了 204 个国家和地区。社会发展指数（SDI）水平越高，这些癌症的负担就越明显。研究结果强调了内分泌癌症的患病率、死亡率和时间趋势的显着全球异质性，对流行病学和公共卫生政策具有重要影响。

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of global, continental, and national trends in the prevalence and mortality of prostate cancer (PC), breast cancer (BC), and thyroid cancer (TC). Utilizing 2021 Global Burden of Diseases (GBD2021) data, prevalence and death rates for 2021 were examined, with temporal trends from 1990 to 2021 analyzed via Joinpoint regression. Annual percentage change (APC) and average APC (AAPC) were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Distributive inequalities were quantified using the slope index of inequality and concentration index. In 2021, PC, BC, and TC showed higher global age-standardized prevalence rates (ASPR) in Europe and America compared to Africa and Asia, while higher age-standardized death rates (ASDR) for PC and BC were noted in Africa. Over the study period, significant global increases in ASPR were observed for PC (AAPC = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.67 to 0.89), BC (AAPC = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.24 to 0.37), and TC (AAPC = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.31 to 1.52). Conversely, ASDR significantly decreased for PC (AAPC = -0.83, 95% CI: -0.92 to -0.74), BC (AAPC = -0.48, 95% CI: -0.56 to -0.39), and TC (AAPC = -0.23, 95% CI: -0.29 to -0.17). Variations were observed across continents and time periods, affecting 204 countries and territories. higher social development index (SDI) levels were associated with a more pronounced burden of these cancers. The findings highlight significant global heterogeneity in prevalence, death rates, and temporal trends of endocrine cancers, with important implications for epidemiology and public health policies.