小细胞肺癌（SCLC）是一种具有高增殖和转移能力的毁灭性疾病。根据谱系定义转录因子的差异表达，SCLC 被分为分子亚型。最近的研究提出了基于肿瘤内在和外在因素的新亚型。 SCLC 表现出显着的瘤内亚型异质性，其特征是高度可塑的转录状态，表明最初的主导亚型可以在疾病进展过程中发生变化，并与治疗耐药相关。促进或限制可塑性和细胞命运转变的策略已经指定了新的靶点，这些靶点可能会促进为 SCLC 患者开发更持久有效的疗法。在这篇综述中，我们描述了 SCLC 亚型分类的最新进展及其生物学和临床意义。版权所有 © 2024。由 Elsevier Inc. 出版。

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a devastating disease with high proliferative and metastatic capacity. SCLC has been classified into molecular subtypes based on differential expression of lineage-defining transcription factors. Recent studies have proposed new subtypes that are based on both tumor-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors. SCLC demonstrates substantial intratumoral subtype heterogeneity characterized by highly plastic transcriptional states, indicating that the initially dominant subtype can shift during disease progression and in association with resistance to therapy. Strategies to promote or constrain plasticity and cell fate transitions have nominated novel targets that could prompt the development of more durably effective therapies for patients with SCLC. In this review, we describe the latest advances in SCLC subtype classification and their biological and clinical implications.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.