世界卫生组织国际癌症研究机构（IARC）2020年公布的数据显示，乳腺癌（BC）已成为全球最常见的癌症，每年影响超过200万女性。复杂的肿瘤微环境、耐药、转移和不良预后构成了当前BC诊断和治疗的首要挑战。磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒（MIONP）由于其独特的理化特性，已成为诊断肿瘤成像以及治疗药物靶向递送的有前景的纳米平台。广泛的表面工程催生了多功能化的 MIONP。本综述总结了过去五年来 MIONP 表面修饰策略的最新进展，并将其归类为造影剂和药物递送平台。此外，还讨论了基于 MIONP 的靶向递送的剩余挑战和未来前景。© 2024 Xie 等人。

Data published in 2020 by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) of the World Health Organization show that breast cancer (BC) has become the most common cancer globally, affecting more than 2 million women each year. The complex tumor microenvironment, drug resistance, metastasis, and poor prognosis constitute the primary challenges in the current diagnosis and treatment of BC. Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONPs) have emerged as a promising nanoplatform for diagnostic tumor imaging as well as therapeutic drug-targeted delivery due to their unique physicochemical properties. The extensive surface engineering has given rise to multifunctionalized MIONPs. In this review, the latest advancements in surface modification strategies of MIONPs over the past five years are summarized and categorized as constrast agents and drug delivery platforms. Additionally, the remaining challenges and future prospects of MIONPs-based targeted delivery are discussed.© 2024 Xie et al.