肝移植（LT）是终末期肝病和某些恶性肿瘤（例如肝细胞癌（HCC））的首选治疗方法。关于移植同种异体移植物中发生的新发肿瘤或复发肿瘤的手术治疗数据有限。本研究旨在调查肝移植后因新发或复发肿瘤而接受肝切除术的患者的围手术期和长期结局。该研究纳入了来自北美 12 个中心的成人和儿童患者，他们接受了肝切除术以治疗实体瘤。 LT 后的肿瘤。对接受 HCC 切除的患者的围手术期结果以及无复发生存期 (RFS) 和总生存期 (OS) 进行了评估。2003 年至 2023 年间，54 名患者在 LT 后接受了实体瘤肝切除术。 50 名患者（92.6%）进行了恶性病灶切除。最常见的病变是 HCC（n = 35，64.8 %），其次是胆管癌（n = 6，11.1 %）和结直肠肝转移（n = 6，11.1 %）。 35例接受HCC切除的患者中，大多数未接受任何术前治疗（82.9%）或辅助治疗（71.4%），切除是HCC唯一的治疗方法。在中位随访期 50.7 个月期间，中位 RFS 为 21.5 个月，中位 OS 为 49.6 个月。OLT 后肝切除是安全的，其发病率和死亡率与报告的接受切除患者的发病率和死亡率相当。原生肝脏。肝切除术作为 LT 后 HCC 的主要且通常是唯一的治疗方式，与可接受的 RFS 和 OS 相关，应在精心挑选的患者中考虑。© 2024。外科肿瘤学会。

Liver transplantation (LT) is the treatment of choice for end-stage liver disease and certain malignancies such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Data on the surgical management of de novo or recurrent tumors that develop in the transplanted allograft are limited. This study aimed to investigate the perioperative and long-term outcomes for patients undergoing hepatic resection for de novo or recurrent tumors after liver transplantation.The study enrolled adult and pediatric patients from 12 centers across North America who underwent hepatic resection for the treatment of a solid tumor after LT. Perioperative outcomes were assessed as well as recurrence free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) for those undergoing resection for HCC.Between 2003 and 2023, 54 patients underwent hepatic resection of solid tumors after LT. For 50 patients (92.6 %), resection of malignant lesions was performed. The most common lesion was HCC (n = 35, 64.8 %), followed by cholangiocarcinoma (n = 6, 11.1 %) and colorectal liver metastases (n = 6, 11.1 %). The majority of the 35 patients underwent resection of HCC did not receive any preoperative therapy (82.9 %) or adjuvant therapy (71.4 %), with resection their only treatment method for HCC. During a median follow-up period of 50.7 months, the median RFS was 21.5 months, and the median OS was 49.6 months.Hepatic resection following OLT is safe and associated with morbidity and mortality rates that are comparable to those reported for patients undergoing resection in native livers. Hepatic resection as the primary and often only treatment modality for HCC following LT is associated with acceptable RFS and OS and should be considered in well selected patients.© 2024. Society of Surgical Oncology.