软组织肉瘤是一组多样化且异质性的间质来源的癌症。每种组织学类型的软组织肉瘤都有独特的临床特点，这使得它们的诊断和治疗具有挑战性。因此，对这些罕见疾病的多学科管理是提高生存率的关键。手术的作用已得到充分证实，它代表了软组织肉瘤的基石治疗方法。迄今为止，局部复发是位于关键部位的低级别肉瘤死亡的主要原因，而无论起源部位如何，局部复发是高级别肉瘤死亡的主要原因。管理必须根据每个个体的组织学类型进行定制。我们描述了最常见的四肢、躯干、腹部和腹膜后软组织肉瘤类型，以及优化治疗时需要考虑的特征。© 2024。外科肿瘤学会。

Soft tissue sarcomas are a diverse and heterogeneous group of cancers of mesenchymal origin. Each histological type of soft tissue sarcoma has unique clinical particularities, which makes them challenging to diagnose and treat. Multidisciplinary management of these rare diseases is thus key for improved survival. The role of surgery has been well established, and it represents the cornerstone curative treatment for soft tissue sarcomas. To date, local recurrence is the leading cause of death in low-grade sarcomas located at critical sites, and distant metastasis in high-grade sarcomas, regardless of the site of origin. Management must be tailored to each individual histologic type. We describe the most common types of extremity, trunk, abdominal, and retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma along with characteristics to consider for optimized management.© 2024. Society of Surgical Oncology.