最近的研究表明，肿瘤浸润 B 细胞 (B-TIL) 在高级别浆液性卵巢癌 (HGSOC)（卵巢癌的主要组织学亚型）中具有预后意义。然而，目前尚不清楚与 B-TIL 相关的良好预后与目前的初次减瘤手术 (PDS) 随后化疗或（新）辅助化疗 (NACT) 联合间隔减瘤手术的标准治疗有何关系。为了解决这个问题，我们在高度同质的 HGSOC 患者队列中分析了 B-TIL 对主要治疗和肿瘤浸润 T 细胞状态的预后影响。该分析涉及利用组织学数据和高维流式细胞术分析的组合方法。我们的研究结果表明，虽然用 NACT 预处理的 HGSOC 肿瘤被肿瘤反应性 CD8 和 CD4 TIL 子集浸润，但只有 B-TIL 和 IgA 浆母细胞在总体生存方面具有预后益处。重要的是，B-TIL 和 IgA 血浆母细胞的预后价值不仅限于接受 NACT 治疗的患者，而且在接受 PDS 治疗的患者中也很明显。总之，我们的数据表明 B-TIL 在 HGSOC 患者中的关键预后作用与 T 细胞状态无关，表明应为 HGSOC 探索专注于 B 细胞激活的替代治疗方法。© 2024 作者。约翰·威利出版的《国际癌症杂志》

Recent work has shown evidence for the prognostic significance of tumor infiltrating B cells (B-TIL) in high grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC), the predominant histological subtype of ovarian cancer. However, it remains unknown how the favorable prognosis associated with B-TIL relates to the current standard treatments of primary debulking surgery (PDS) followed by chemotherapy or (neo-)adjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) combined with interval debulking surgery. To address this, we analyzed the prognostic impact of B-TIL in relationship to primary treatment and tumor infiltrating T cell status in a highly homogenous cohort of HGSOC patients. This analysis involved a combined approach utilizing histological data and high-dimensional flow cytometry analysis. Our findings indicate that while HGSOC tumors pre-treated with NACT are infiltrated with tumor-reactive CD8+ and CD4+ TIL subsets, only B-TIL and IgA plasma blasts confer prognostic benefit in terms of overall survival. Importantly, the prognostic value of B-TIL and IgA plasma blasts was not restricted to patients treated with NACT, but was also evident in patients treated with PDS. Together, our data point to a critical prognostic role for B-TIL in HGSOC patients independent of T cell status, suggesting that alternative treatment approaches focused on the activation of B cells should be explored for HGSOC.© 2024 The Author(s). International Journal of Cancer published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of UICC.