尽管大量研究揭示了自身免疫性疾病 (AID) 与甲状腺癌 (TC) 之间的关联，但两者之间的潜在因果关系仍不清楚。使用五种方法，进行了两个样本孟德尔随机化 (MR) 分析，以确定因果关系12种主要艾滋病对TC风险的影响。进行敏感性分析以验证分析的可靠性。进行反向MR分析以评估反向因果关系的可能性。结果显示系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）和原发性胆汁性肝硬化（PBC）与TC风险存在显着因果关系。基因预测的 PBC 会增加 TC 的风险（OR = 1.46，95% CI = 1.06-2.02，p = 0.021）。遗传预测的 SLE 也增加了 TC 的风险（OR = 6.52，95% CI = 1.38-30.84，p = 0.018），且存在异质性。经过异常值校正分析后，结果仍然表明基因预测的 SLE 会增加 TC 的风险 (p = 0.019)。没有观察到其余 10 种 AID 与 TC 之间存在因果关系的证据。反向 MR 分析未发现 TC 对艾滋病的反向因果影响。这些结果支持 SLE/PBC 与 TC 风险增加之间存在显着因果关系，表明 SLE/PBC 患者应密切监测 TC。 © 2024 彭、徐、周、杜、戈、黄。

Although numerous studies had revealed associations between autoimmune diseases (AIDs) and thyroid cancer (TC), the potential causal associations between the two remain poorly defined.Using five approaches, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were carried out to determine the causal effects of 12 major AIDs on risk of TC. The sensitivity analyses were conducted to verify the reliability of the analysis. The reverse MR analysis was performed to evaluate the possibility of reverse causation.The results showed a significant causal association of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) on the risk of TC. Genetically predicted PBC elevated the risk of TC (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.06-2.02, p = 0.021). The risk of TC was also increased by genetically predicted SLE (OR = 6.52, 95% CI = 1.38-30.84, p = 0.018) with heterogeneity. After outlier-corrected analyses, the results still suggested that genetically predicted SLE increased the risk of TC (p = 0.019). No evidence of a causal relationship between the remaining 10 AIDs and TC was observed. No reverse causal effects of TC on AIDs were found in reverse MR analysis.These findings support a significant causal association of SLE/PBC on the increased risk of TC, indicating that patients with SLE/PBC should be under a close monitoring of TC.Copyright © 2024 Peng, Xu, Zhou, Du, Ge and Huang.