人乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 是一个广泛的 DNA 病毒家族，是一个持续的全球健康挑战。持续性 HPV 感染现已被确定为一系列恶性肿瘤的重要病因。在这篇综述中，我们研究了 HPV 生物学及其与宿主的复杂关系的最新见解。我们深入研究了 HPV 与 HIV、EBV 和 HSV 等其他病毒共同感染的复杂动态，以及微生物组在癌症发展中的新兴作用。我们还探讨了了解 HPV 在各种癌症（包括肛门生殖器区域、头颈癌、乳腺癌、肺癌和前列腺癌）发展中具体作用的最新进展。此外，我们关注当前的预防策略，包括疫苗接种和筛查方法，以及治疗干预措施，范围从手术和化疗等传统方法到靶向治疗和免疫疗法等新兴方式。此外，我们对 HPV 研究的未来方向提供了前瞻性的看法，强调了潜在的探索领域，以进一步我们对 HPV 及其相关癌症的理解和管理。总的来说，这篇综述旨在加深读者对 HPV 生物学及其与癌症生物学复杂相互作用的理解。它提出了 HPV 相关恶性肿瘤的预防、管理和治疗干预的创新策略。版权所有 © 2024 Wu、Huang、Tang、Ren、Jiang、Tian 和 Li。

Human Papillomavirus (HPV), an extensive family of DNA viruses, manifests as a persistent global health challenge. Persistent HPV infection is now firmly established as a significant aetiological factor for a spectrum of malignancies. In this review, we examine the latest insights into HPV biology and its intricate relationship with the host. We delve into the complex dynamics of co-infections involving HPV alongside other viruses, such as HIV, EBV, and HSV, as well as the burgeoning role of the microbiome in cancer development. We also explore recent advancements in understanding the specific contributions of HPV in the development of various cancers, encompassing cancers of the anogenital region, head and neck, as well as breast, lung, and prostate. Moreover, we focus on the current preventive strategies, including vaccination and screening methods, and therapeutic interventions that range from traditional approaches like surgery and chemotherapy to emerging modalities such as targeted therapies and immunotherapies. Additionally, we provide a forward-looking view on the future directions of HPV research, highlighting potential areas of exploration to further our understanding and management of HPV and its associated cancers. Collectively, this review is positioned to deepen readers' understanding of HPV biology and its complex interplay with cancer biology. It presents innovative strategies for the prevention, management, and therapeutic intervention of HPV-associated malignancies.Copyright © 2024 Wu, Huang, Tang, Ren, Jiang, Tian and Li.