DNA 损伤反应 (DDR) 是一种重要的细胞机制，可保护基因组完整性并防止有害 DNA 损伤的积累。越来越多的证据强调了 DDR 信号传导与表观遗传调控之间的交叉，为包括肿瘤发生在内的细胞功能的各个方面提供了深刻的见解。这篇综合综述探讨了表观遗传修饰与 DDR 激活之间的复杂关系，特别关注病毒感染的影响。致癌病毒，如人乳头瘤病毒、肝炎病毒（HBV 或 HCV）和 Epstein-Barr 病毒已被证明可以激活 DDR。因此，这些 DNA 损伤事件引发一系列表观遗传改变，包括 DNA 甲基化模式、组蛋白修饰和非编码 RNA 表达的变化。这些表观遗传变化对染色质结构、基因表达和基因组稳定性的维持产生深远影响。重要的是，阐明 DDR 背景下病毒诱导的表观遗传改变对于理解癌症的复杂性具有重要意义，并为治疗干预提供潜在目标。版权所有 © 2024。由 Elsevier Inc. 出版。

The DNA damage response (DDR) is a critical cellular mechanism that safeguards genome integrity and prevents the accumulation of harmful DNA lesions. Increasing evidence highlights the intersection between DDR signaling and epigenetic regulation, offering profound insights into various aspects of cellular function including oncogenesis. This comprehensive review explores the intricate relationship between the epigenetic modifications and DDR activation, with a specific focus on the impact of viral infections. Oncogenic viruses, such as human papillomavirus, hepatitis virus (HBV or HCV), and Epstein-Barr virus have been shown to activate the DDR. Consequently, these DNA damage events trigger a cascade of epigenetic alterations, including changes in DNA methylation patterns, histone modifications and the expression of noncoding RNAs. These epigenetic changes exert profound effects on chromatin structure, gene expression, and maintenance of genome stability. Importantly, elucidation of the viral-induced epigenetic alterations in the context of DDR holds significant implications for comprehending the complexity of cancer and provides potential targets for therapeutic interventions.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.