人乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 是多种癌症的众所周知的病原体，但选择性治疗仍在研究中。例如，纳米颗粒正在成为增强治疗方法的递送和功效的有前途的解决方案。尽管越来越多的纳米疗法比现有疗法具有优势，但只有一种已进入临床试验。这篇综述重点介绍了 HPV 相关癌症纳米疗法的最新进展，重点关注小分子、基因靶向疗法和疫苗的输送。讨论了纳米疗法临床应用转化中面临的一些挑战，强调了最常用的临床前模型无法准确预测人类反应，从而阻碍了纳米疗法的正确评估。此外，我们还探索和讨论了其他有前景的新临床前模型，这些模型可以为更有效的纳米治疗评估铺平道路。版权所有 © 2024 Elsevier Ltd。保留所有权利。

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are well-known causative agents of several cancers, yet selective therapies remain under investigation. Nanoparticles, for instance, are emerging as promising solutions to enhance the delivery and efficacy of therapeutic approaches. Despite the increasing number of nanotherapies offering advantages over current treatments, only one has advanced to clinical trials. This review highlights recent advances in nanotherapies for HPV-associated cancers, focusing on the delivery of small molecules, gene-targeted therapies, and vaccines. Some of the challenges faced in nanotherapies translation for clinical application are discussed, emphasizing the most used preclinical models that fail to accurately predict human responses, thereby hindering proper evaluation of nanotherapies. Additionally, we explore and discuss alternative promising new preclinical models that could pave the way for more effective nanotherapeutic evaluations.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.