癌症被认为是对人类生命的主要威胁，也是导致死亡的主要原因。尽管越来越多的研究人员一直在努力开发抗癌药物来对抗癌症，但每年仍有数百万癌症患者死亡。由于癌症的复杂性和异质性、缺乏治疗深部肿瘤组织的能力以及对正常细胞的高毒性，使癌症的治疗变得复杂化。然而，细菌衍生物介导的药物输送引起了研究人员克服传统癌症化疗限制的兴趣。在这篇综述中，我们展示了用于递送抗癌药物的肿瘤靶向细菌和细菌衍生物的各种例子。该综述还描述了在规定条件下利用这些肿瘤靶向细菌及其膜囊泡递送抗癌治疗药物的优点和局限性。这项研究强调了基于细菌的药物载体临床转化的巨大潜力，提高其与其他治疗方式合作的能力，并提供更强大、更可靠、更独特的肿瘤治疗。© 2024。作者。

Cancer is measured as a major threat to human life and is a leading cause of death. Millions of cancer patients die every year, although a burgeoning number of researchers have been making tremendous efforts to develop cancer medicine to fight against cancer. Owing to the complexity and heterogeneity of cancer, lack of ability to treat deep tumor tissues, and high toxicity to the normal cells, it complicates the therapy of cancer. However, bacterial derivative-mediated drug delivery has raised the interest of researchers in overcoming the restrictions of conventional cancer chemotherapy. In this review, we show various examples of tumor-targeting bacteria and bacterial derivatives for the delivery of anticancer drugs. This review also describes the advantages and limitations of delivering anticancer treatment drugs under regulated conditions employing these tumor-targeting bacteria and their membrane vesicles. This study highlights the substantial potential for clinical translation of bacterial-based drug carriers, improve their ability to work with other treatment modalities, and provide a more powerful, dependable, and distinctive tumor therapy.© 2024. The Author(s).