抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 对全球健康构成重大威胁，导致标准抗生素对多重耐药细菌无效。为了解决这一紧迫问题，创新方法至关重要。脂质体是由磷脂双层制成的小球形囊泡，提供了一种有前途的解决方案。这些囊泡可以封装各种药物，并且具有生物相容性和可生物降解性。它们能够针对目标组织或细胞摄取进行修饰，这使得它们成为理想的药物输送系统。通过将抗生素直接递送至感染部位，脂质体可以最大限度地减少副作用并减少耐药性的产生。然而，稳定性差和药物快速泄漏等挑战限制了其生物学应用。壳聚糖是一种生物相容性聚合物，可增强脂质体与特定组织或细胞的相互作用，从而实现感染部位的选择性药物释放。将壳聚糖掺入脂质体制剂中，通过静电相互作用改变其表面特性并使其多样化，从而提高稳定性和 pH 敏感药物释放。这些相互作用对于增强药物保留和靶向递送至关重要，特别是在肿瘤部位或感染区域等不同 pH 环境中，从而改善治疗效果并减少全身副作用。本综述讨论了最新的进展、挑战以及进一步研究的必要性，以优化脂质体配方并增强靶向药物递送以实现有效的 AMR 治疗。壳聚糖修饰的脂质体为克服 AMR 和改善抗菌疗法提供了一种有前途的策略。版权所有 © 2024。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版。

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant global health threat, rendering standard antibiotics ineffective against multi-drug resistant bacteria. To tackle this urgent issue, innovative approaches are essential. Liposomes, small spherical vesicles made of a phospholipid bilayer, present a promising solution. These vesicles can encapsulate various medicines and are both biocompatible and biodegradable. Their ability to be modified for targeted tissue or cell uptake makes them an ideal drug delivery system. By delivering antibiotics directly to infection sites, liposomes minimize side effects and reduce the development of resistance. However, challenges such as poor stability and rapid drug leakage limit their biological application. Chitosan, a biocompatible polymer, enhances liposome interaction with specific tissues or cells, enabling selective drug release at infection sites. Incorporating chitosan into liposome formulations alters and diversifies their surface characteristics through electrostatic interactions, resulting in improved stability and pH-sensitive drug release. These interactions are crucial for enhancing drug retention and targeted delivery, especially in varying pH environments like tumor sites or infection areas, thereby improving therapeutic outcomes and reducing systemic side effects. This review discusses recent advancements, challenges, and the need for further research to optimize liposome formulations and enhance targeted drug delivery for effective AMR treatment. Chitosan-modified liposomes offer a promising strategy to overcome AMR and improve antimicrobial therapies.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.