与交通相关的空气污染物与多种不利的人类健康影响有关，包括癌症。在美国，大量研究记录了社区暴露于交通相关空气污染中的种族不平等。新的证据表明，结构性种族主义可能会影响社区对空气污染物的暴露。然而，现有的研究主要集中在居住种族隔离上，这是结构性种族主义的一个指标。本研究开发了结构性种族主义的多维衡量标准，以检验佐治亚州结构性种族主义与空气污染物估计癌症风险之间的关系。致癌空气毒物数据来自美国环境保护署 2019 年空气毒物筛查评估和美国社区的社会人口统计数据民意调查。在利益相关者意见的指导下，利用县级有关居住隔离、教育、就业、监禁、经济状况、政治参与和住房拥有率的数据创建了多维县级结构性种族主义指数。相对风险 (RR) 是针对结构性种族主义与空气毒物导致的癌症风险升高（乔治亚州前 10%）之间的关联进行估计的。多层次分析揭示了多维结构性种族主义与接触致癌交通相关空气污染物之间存在显着关联。与结构性种族主义水平较低的社区相比，结构性种族主义最高四分之一的社区因交通相关空气污染物而表现出较高的癌症风险（RR，7.84；95% CI，5.11-12.05）。多维结构性种族主义与估计的癌症相关格鲁吉亚交通相关空气污染的风险。研究结果可以为未来的研究和政策干预提供信息，以解决交通相关空气污染中的种族不平等问题。© 2024 美国癌症协会。

Traffic-related air pollutants have been associated with a variety of adverse human health impacts, including cancers. In the United States, numerous studies have documented racial inequities in neighborhood exposures to traffic-related air pollution. Emerging evidence suggests that structural racism may influence neighborhood exposures to air pollutants. However, existing research has largely focused on residential racial segregation, one indicator of structural racism. This study developed a multidimensional measure of structural racism to examine the relationship between structural racism and estimated cancer risk from air pollutants in Georgia.Carcinogenic air toxics data were obtained from the US Environmental Protection Agency's 2019 Air Toxics Screening Assessment and sociodemographic data from the American Community Survey. Guided by stakeholder input, county-level data on residential segregation, education, employment, incarceration, economic status, political participation, and homeownership were used to create a multidimensional county-level structural racism index. Relative risks (RRs) were estimated for associations between structural racism and elevated (top 10% in Georgia) estimated cancer risk from air toxics.Multilevel analyses revealed a significant association between multidimensional structural racism and exposure to carcinogenic traffic-related air pollutants. Neighborhoods in the highest quartile of structural racism exhibited an elevated cancer risk from traffic-related air pollutants (RR, 7.84; 95% CI, 5.11-12.05) compared to neighborhoods with lower levels of structural racism.Multidimensional structural racism was associated with estimated cancer risk from traffic-related air pollution in Georgia. Findings can inform future studies and policy interventions that address racial inequalities in exposure to traffic-related air pollution.© 2024 American Cancer Society.