本研究旨在通过16S rRNA扩增子测序结合宏基因组测序探讨妊娠早期微生物群失调与甲状腺功能减退之间的相关性。 招募60名孕妇（其中30名甲状腺功能低下者和30名正常对照）进行16S rRNA扩增子测序，每组6名患者随机选择一组进行宏基因组测序，以评估肠道微生物组概况。16S rRNA结果显示，甲状腺功能减退组的β多样性降低。甲状腺功能减退组中普雷沃氏菌属和副普雷沃氏菌属的相对丰度增加，而对照组中布劳氏菌属占主导地位。宏基因组学结果显示，在物种水平上，Prevotella_stercorea_CAG_629、Prevotella_hominis、Prevotella_sp_AM34_19LB等在甲减组中富集。功能分析显示，甲状腺功能减退组中吡哆醛 5'-磷酸合酶 pdxT 亚基模块减少，短链脂肪酸 (SCFA) 转运蛋白和磷脂酶/羧酸酯酶模块强烈富集。甲状腺功能减退症患者的 C 反应蛋白 (CRP)、白介素 2 (IL-2)、IL-4、IL-10 和肿瘤坏死因子 (TNF)-α 水平升高。吡哆醛5'-磷酸合酶pdxT亚基、SCFA转运蛋白和磷脂酶/羧酸酯酶模块与不同的普氏菌属物种相关。妊娠早期，甲状腺功能减退症女性表现出微生物群失调，普氏菌可能影响谷氨酸、SCFA和脂肪酸的代谢。磷脂酶，可能与怀孕期间甲状腺功能减退症的发生有关。版权所有 © 2024 Hu、Xu、Li、Zhang、Sun、Ban、Tian、Liu 和 Hu。

This study aimed to explore the correlation between microbiota dysbiosis and hypothyroidism in early pregnancy by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing combined with metagenomic sequencing.Sixty pregnant women (30 with hypothyroidism and 30 normal controls) were recruited for 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, and 6 patients from each group were randomly selected for metagenomic sequencing to assess the gut microbiome profile.The 16S rRNA results showed that beta-diversity in the hypothyroidism group was decreased. The relative abundances of the Prevotella and Paraprevotella genera increased in the hypothyroidism group, and Blautia predominated in the controls. The metagenomics results revealed that Prevotella_stercorea_CAG_629, Prevotella_hominis, Prevotella_sp_AM34_19LB, etc. were enriched in the hypothyroidism group at the species level. Functional analysis revealed that the pyridoxal 5'-phosphate synthase pdxT subunit module was decreased, and the short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) transporter and phospholipase/carboxylesterase modules were strongly enriched in the hypothyroidism group. Hypothyroidism patients had increased C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels. The pyridoxal 5'-phosphate synthase pdxT subunit, the SCFA transporter, and the phospholipase/carboxylesterase module were associated with different Prevotella species.In early pregnancy, women with hypothyroidism exhibit microbiota dysbiosis, and Prevotella may affect the metabolism of glutamate, SCFA, and phospholipases, which could be involved in the development of hypothyroidism during pregnancy.Copyright © 2024 Hu, Xu, Li, Zhang, Sun, Ban, Tian, Liu and Hu.