由于肝病的病理产生特别复杂，包括病毒性肝炎、肝纤维化/肝硬化和肝细胞癌(HCC)在内的肝病的发病率和死亡率在全世界范围内迅速增加。考虑到其起病隐匿、进展迅速和耐药性，寻找有效的治疗方法尤为值得。叶下珠（P. urinaria）是一种民族药，可应用于病毒性肝炎、肝纤维化/肝硬化和肝癌阶段，在治疗肝病方面显示出巨大的潜力。目前，关于黄花菜治疗肝病的报道较多，但对其代谢产物的详细分析和药理机制的完整总结仍缺乏。本综述总结了 P. urinaria 的植物化学代谢物和民族药理学应用。简而言之，黄花菜主要含有黄酮类、木脂素、单宁、酚酸、萜类化合物等代谢产物。黄花菜的作用机制主要体现在减少表面抗原分泌和干扰DNA聚合酶合成而具有抗病毒性肝炎活性，降低肝星状细胞活性、炎症和氧化应激而具有抗肝纤维化/肝硬化活性，以及​​预防肝硬化。肿瘤增殖、侵袭和血管生成通过相关信号通路发挥抗 HCC 活性。因此，本文综述了天然产物在肝病三部曲中的未来应用，为进一步研究和合理利用黄花菜提供科学依据。版权所有 © 2024 刘、王、马、孙、王、李、董、秦、李、卫、谭、和、郭、羽。

Due to the pathological production of liver disease in utility particularly complexity, the morbidity and mortality of liver disease including viral hepatitis, liver fibrosis/cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are rapidly increasing worldwide. Considering its insidious onset, rapid progression and drug resistance, finding an effective therapy is particularly worthwhile. Phyllanthus urinaria L. (P. urinaria), an ethnic medicine, can be applied at the stages of viral hepatitis, liver fibrosis/cirrhosis and HCC, which demonstrates great potential in the treatment of liver disease. Currently, there are numerous reports on the application of P. urinaria in treating liver diseases, but a detailed analysis of its metabolites and a complete summary of its pharmacological mechanism are still scarce. In this review, the phytochemical metabolites and ethnopharmacological applications of P. urinaria are summarized. Briefly, P. urinaria mainly contains flavonoids, lignans, tannins, phenolic acids, terpenoids and other metabolites. The mechanisms of P. urinaria are mainly reflected in reducing surface antigen secretion and interfering with DNA polymerase synthesis for anti-viral hepatitis activity, reducing hepatic stellate cells activity, inflammation and oxidative stress for anti-liver fibrosis/cirrhosis activity, as well as preventing tumor proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis for anti-HCC activity via relevant signaling pathways. Accordingly, this review provides insights into the future application of natural products in the trilogy of liver diseases and will provide a scientific basis for further research and rational utilization of P. urinaria.Copyright © 2024 Liu, Wang, Ma, Sun, Wang, Li, Dong, Qin, Li, Wei, Tan, He, Guo and Yu.