非酒精性脂肪肝病（NAFLD）是一种典型的慢性肝病，与发生肝细胞癌（HCC）的高风险有关。 NAFLD 和 HCC 的发展与表观遗传学的变化有关，例如组蛋白修饰和微小 RNA (miRNA) 介导的过程。最近，在表观转录组学领域，RNA 改变已成为重要的调节因子。 N6-甲基腺苷 (m6A) 是控制 mRNA 稳定性、剪接和翻译的最常见和最关键的改变。它对于控制肝病进展和肝功能尤其重要。本综述旨在总结 m6A 表观转录组在 NAFLD 和 HCC 发展背后的分子机制中的功能的最新研究，特别关注 m6A 改变对 HCC 发展的影响及其在 NAFLD 进展为 HCC 中的可能作用。此外，该综述还讨论了 m6A 改变对 NAFLD 和 HCC 治疗和诊断的可能影响。重要的是要记住，m6A 修饰是一种可逆行为，通过写入和删除蛋白质的协调功能控制，从而能够快速适应环境变化。该综述还讨论了 m6A 结合蛋白在 mRNA 选择性剪接、翻译和降解中的功能及其调节 mRNA 稳定性和加工的能力。了解 RNA 修饰调控及其在 HCC 和 NAFLD 出现中的作用可能为诊断和治疗这些疾病提供新途径。© 2023 作者。 Wiley‐VCH GmbH 代表中国科学院大学温州研究院出版的《智慧医疗》。

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a typical chronic liver disease connected to a high risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The development of NAFLD and HCC has been associated with changes in epigenetics, such as histone modifications and micro RNA (miRNA)-mediated processes. Recently, in the realm of epitranscriptomics, RNA alterations have become important regulators. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common and crucial alteration for controlling mRNA stability, splicing, and translation. It is particularly important for controlling liver disease progression and hepatic function. This review aims to conclude recent research on the functions of m6A epitranscriptome in the molecular mechanisms behind NAFLD and HCC development, with special attention to the effects of m6A alteration on how HCC develops and its possible roles in the progression of NAFLD to HCC. Additionally, the review discusses the possible effects of m6A alteration on the treatment and diagnostic of NAFLD and HCC. It is crucial to remember that m6A modification is a reversible action controlled via the coordinated functions of the proteins that write and delete, enabling quick adaptability to environmental changes. The review also discusses m6A-binding proteins' function in mRNA alternative splicing, translation, and degradation and their ability to modulate mRNA stability and processing. Understanding RNA modification regulation and its part in the emergence of HCC and NAFLD may provide new avenues for diagnosing and treating these diseases.© 2023 The Authors. Smart Medicine published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH on behalf of Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.