传感器因其灵敏度高、成本低、省时、用户友好和优异的选择性而应用于当今许多领域。当前的生物医学和制药科学的重点是开发基于纳米颗粒的传感器，特别是生物聚合物纳米颗粒。海藻酸盐是一种在多种应用中广泛使用的生物聚合物。海藻酸盐的水凝胶形成特性、具有羟基和羧酸盐部分的化学结构、生物相容性、生物降解性和水溶性已经扩大了材料和生物医学科学的机会。最近，基于藻酸盐的纳米粒子及其应用的研究已经开始。这些材料因其在生物医学和制药领域的广泛应用潜力而越来越受欢迎。许多综述论文描述了海藻酸盐在药物输送领域的应用。目前的研究涵盖了基于藻酸盐的纳米粒子的结构和物理化学特性。讨论了基于藻酸盐的纳米材料在各个领域的前景应用，包括药物输送和湿度、重金属和过氧化氢的环境传感应用。此外，本文还将综述基于藻酸盐的纳米颗粒在葡萄糖、癌细胞、药物和人体运动等各种分析物方面的生物医学传感应用。未来的研究范围强调现有的挑战和解决方案。版权所有 © 2024，Uzokboev 等人。

Sensors are applied to many fields nowadays because of their high sensitivity, low cost, time-saving, user-friendly, and excellent selectivity. Current biomedical and pharmaceutical science has one focus on developing nanoparticle-based sensors, especially biopolymeric nanoparticles. Alginate is a widely used biopolymer in a variety of applications. The hydrogel-forming characteristic, the chemical structure with hydroxy and carboxylate moieties, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and water solubility of alginate have expanded opportunities in material and biomedical sciences. Recently, research on alginate-based nanoparticles and their applications has begun. These materials are gaining popularity because of their wide usage potential in the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. Many review papers describe applications of alginate in the drug delivery field. The current study covers the structural and physicochemical properties of alginate-based nanoparticles. The prospective applications of alginate-based nanomaterials in various domains are discussed, including drug delivery and environmental sensing applications for humidity, heavy metals, and hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, biomedical sensing applications of alginate-based nanoparticles regarding various analytes such as glucose, cancer cells, pharmaceutical drugs, and human motion will also be reviewed in this paper. Future research scopes highlight existing challenges and solutions.Copyright © 2024, Uzokboev et al.