目的检测急性髓系白血病（AML）患者骨髓中尿路上皮癌胚抗原1（lncRNA UCA1）的表达水平，探讨AML患者lncRNA UCA1表达水平的临床意义。收集20例缺铁性贫血（IDA）患者的骨髓样本作为实验组，收集20例缺铁性贫血（IDA）患者的骨髓样本作为对照组。收集AML患者的相关临床病理特征。采用实时定量PCR（qRT-PCR）检测实验组和对照组lncRNA UCA1的表达水平，分析lncRNA UCA1表达与AML患者临床病理特征及预后的关系。采用Kaplan-Meier曲线分析lncRNA UCA1对AML患者总生存期（OS）的影响；并采用Cox回归模型分析影响AML患者预后的因素。与对照组相比，AML患者lncRNA UCA1表达水平显着升高（P < 0.001）；与对照组相比，AML患者lncRNA UCA1表达水平显着升高（P < 0.001）； lncRNA UCA1高表达组血红蛋白低于90 g/L的患者比例显着高于lncRNA UCA1低表达组（P=0.004）； lncRNA UCA1在M1、M2、M4亚型中表达量较高，而在M0、M5亚型中表达量较低，差异有统计学意义（P=0.009）。 UCA1高表达组患者与UCA1高表达组患者在性别、年龄、白细胞（WBC）计数、血小板（PLT）计数、骨髓母细胞、化疗方案及疗效、核型、基因突变、预后风险分层等方面无显着差异。 UCA1低表达组（均P>0.05）。 lncRNA UCA1高表达患者的OS显着短于lncRNA UCA1低表达患者（P=0.0229）。AML患者中lncRNA UCA1表达水平显着上调。 lncRNA UCA1的高表达与不良的临床病理特征和不良的预后相关。因此，lncRNA UCA1可以作为AML患者的预后指标和潜在的治疗靶点。

To investigate the expression level of urothelial carcinoembryonic antigen 1 (lncRNA UCA1) in the bone marrow of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, and to explore the clinical significance of lncRNA UCA1 expression level in AML patients.Bone marrow samples of 50 AML patients were collected as experimental group, and bone marrow samples of 20 iron deficiency anemia (IDA) patients were collected as control group. The relevant clinicopathological characteristics of AML patients were collected. Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression level of lncRNA UCA1 in the experimental and control groups, and the relationships between lncRNA UCA1 expression and clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis in AML patients were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to analyze the effect of lncRNA UCA1 on the overall survival (OS) of AML patients; And Cox regression model was used to analyze the factors affecting the prognosis of AML patients.Compared with the control group, the expression level of lncRNA UCA1 was significantly elevated in patients with AML (P < 0.001); The proportion of patients with hemoglobin lower than 90 g/L in lncRNA UCA1 high expression group was significantly higher than that in lncRNA UCA1 low expression group (P =0.004); The expression level of lncRNA UCA1 was higher in M1, M2, and M4 subtypes, while it was lower in M0 and M5 subtypes, and the difference was statistically significant (P =0.009). There were no significant difference in sex, age, white blood cell (WBC) count, platelet (PLT) count, bone marrow blasts , chemotherapy regimen and efficacy, karyotype, gene mutation, and prognostic risk stratification between patients in UCA1 high expression group and those in UCA1 low expression group (all P > 0.05). The OS of patients with high expression of lncRNA UCA1 was significantly shorter than that of patients with low expression of lncRNA UCA1 (P =0.0229).The expression level of lncRNA UCA1 is significantly upregulated in AML patients. High expression of lncRNA UCA1 is associated with poor clinicopathological features and poor prognosis. Therefore, lncRNA UCA1 can be used as a prognostic indicator and a potential therapeutic target for AML patients.