目的评价维奈托克联合阿扎胞苷化疗治疗未经治疗的成人急性髓系白血病（AML）患者的疗效和毒副作用。对我院附属医院血液科收治的48例未经治疗的成人AML患者进行回顾性分析。 2020年1月至2022年12月井冈山大学。其中，26例患者接受维奈托克联合阿扎胞苷化疗（观察组），22例患者接受柔红霉素联合阿糖胞苷化疗（对照组）。比较两组患者完全缓解率（CR）、客观缓解率（ORR）、无进展生存期（PFS）、总生存期（OS）及不良反应（AR）的差异。年龄差异无统计学意义治疗前两组间性别比、三系细胞绝对值、骨髓原始细胞比例（均P>0.05）。观察组CR率、ORR率显着高于对照组（P < 0.05）。治疗后，两组骨髓抑制、粒细胞增多、继发感染、黏膜损伤、肝肾损伤、心脏毒性、胃肠道毒性等不良反应比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。观察组的中位PFS和中位OS均显着优于对照组（P < 0.05）。维奈托克联合阿扎胞苷治疗初治成人急性髓系白血病的缓解率高于常规化疗。 Venetoclax联合阿扎胞苷化疗可减少血液学相关副反应，延长AML患者的缓解期和生存期。

To evaluate the efficacy and side effects of venetoclax combined with azacitidine chemotherapy in the treatment of previously untreated adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML).A retrospective analysis was performed on 48 untreated adult AML patients admitted to the Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University from January 2020 to December 2022. Among them, 26 patients received venetoclax combined with azacitidine chemotherapy (observation group), and 22 patients received daunorubicin plus cytarabine chemotherapy (control group). The differences in complete response (CR) rate, objective response rate (ORR), progressionfree survival (PFS), overall survival(OS) and adverse reactions (AR) were compared between the two groups.There was no significant difference in age, sex ratio, absolute value of trilineage cell and proportion of bone marrow primordial cells between the two groups before treatment (all P >0.05). The CR rate and the ORR rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, there were no significant difference in the adverse reactions such as myelosuppression, granulocytosis, secondary infection, mucosal damage, liver and kidney damage, cardiotoxicity and gastrointestinal toxicity between the two groups (P >0.05). The median PFS and the median OS of the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group (P < 0.05).The remission rate of venetoclax combined with azacitidine was higher than that of conventional chemotherapy in previously untreated adult acute myeloid leukemia. Venetoclax combined with azacitidine chemotherapy could reduce hematologic related side reactions and prolong the remission period and survival of AML patients.