关于癌症发病率和死亡率在世界不同社会经济地区的分布有大量文献，但没有一项研究比较死亡率和发病率的空间分布，看看它们是否相互一致。 2007 年至 2018 年，按性别分列的匈牙利 25-64 岁人口中，对所有恶性肿瘤进行了综合研究，并分别对宫颈癌、结直肠癌、乳腺癌、胰腺癌、肺癌和口腔癌进行了研究。在每个案例中，使用疾病绘图、空间回归、风险分析和空间扫描统计将发病率和死亡率的空间分布相互比较，并与剥夺水平进行比较。每种癌症的剥夺和死亡率之间都存在正相关，但男性结直肠癌（相对风险 (RR) 1.00；95% 可信区间 (CI) 0.99-1.02）、胰腺癌（RR： 1.01；95%CI 0.98-1.04）和女性结直肠癌发病率（RR：1.01；95%CI 0.99-1.03），而与乳腺癌呈负相关（RR：0.98；95%CI 0.96-0.99）。疾病图谱分析显示，高发病率和高死亡率地区之间仅部分重叠，通常与贫困无关。我们的结果不仅强调了癌症负担与剥夺之间的不同关系，而且还强调了癌症发病率与死亡率之间不一致的关系，指出了需要特别公共卫生关注的人口地区。

There is a rich body of literature on the distribution of cancer incidence and mortality in socioeconomically different world regions, but none of the studies has compared the spatial distribution of mortality and incidence to see if they are consistent with each other. All malignant neoplasms combined and cervical, colorectal, breast, pancreatic, lung, and oral cancers separately were studied in the Hungarian population aged 25-64 years for 2007-2018 at the municipality level by sex. In each case, the spatial distribution of incidence and mortality were compared with each other and with the level of deprivation using disease mapping, spatial regression, risk analysis, and spatial scan statistics. A positive association between deprivation and mortality was found for each type of cancer, but there was no significant association for male colorectal cancer (relative risk (RR) 1.00; 95% credible interval (CI) 0.99-1.02), pancreatic cancer (RR: 1.01; 95%CI 0.98-1.04), and female colorectal cancer incidence (RR: 1.01; 95%CI 0.99-1.03), whereas a negative association for breast cancer (RR: 0.98; 95%CI 0.96-0.99) was found. Disease mapping analyses showed only partial overlap between areas of high incidence and mortality, often independent of deprivation. Our results highlight not only the diverse relationship between cancer burden and deprivation, but also the inconsistent relationship between cancer incidence and mortality, pointing to areas with populations that require special public health attention.