本研究旨在分析和比较甲状腺乳头状癌 (PTC) 亚型的超声特征，以确定超声 (US) 是否有助于区分特定亚型。这项回顾性研究纳入了 133 名患者，根据第五版，诊断出 142 个经组织病理学证实的 PTC。 2013 年 1 月至 2023 年 5 月期间世界卫生组织对甲状腺肿瘤的分类。基于美国放射学院和欧洲甲状腺成像和报告数据系统 (TIRADS) 的美国特征以及结节的组织病理学特征进行了评估和比较。组织病理学分析得出 55 (38.7%) 经典 PTC、32 例 (22.5%) 侵袭性包膜滤泡变异型 (IEFV) PTC、20 例 (14.1%) 嗜酸细胞亚型、14 例 (9.9%) 具有乳头状核特征的非侵袭性滤泡性甲状腺肿瘤 (NIFTP)、 11 例 (7.8%) 浸润性滤泡亚型、7 例 (4.9%) 高细胞亚型、2 例 (1.4%) 实性亚型和 1 例 (0.7%) 弥漫性硬化亚型。美国的发现表明恶性肿瘤，例如形状高于宽度、边缘不规则、回声灶和较高的 TIRADS 类别，在具有经典 PTC 和高细胞亚型的结节中更常见，与其组织病理学特征一致。相反，IEFV-PTC 和 NIFTP 很少表现出这些高风险超声特征。嗜酸细胞亚型的超声表现更常与 IEFV-PTC 重叠，但具有较大结节直径和较高 TIRADS 评分的低回声/极低回声结节可能有利于该亚型的诊断。某些亚型的超声特征可以指导有关形状、边缘的鉴别诊断、回声灶和 TIRADS 结节类别；然而，仅使用美国图像尚无法确定明确的子类型。版权所有 © 2024 Hekimsoy、Ertan、Serin、Karabulut 和 Özbek。

The present study aimed to analyze and compare sonographic features of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) subtypes to determine whether ultrasound (US) may aid in differentiating particular subtypes.This retrospective study enrolled 133 patients diagnosed with 142 histopathologically proven PTCs as per the fifth edition of the World Health Organization classification of thyroid neoplasms between January 2013 and May 2023. US features based on the American College of Radiology and European Thyroid Imaging and Reporting Data Systems (TIRADS), and histopathological characteristics of nodules were assessed and compared.Histopathological analysis yielded 55 (38.7%) classic PTC, 32 (22.5%) invasive encapsulated follicular variant (IEFV) PTC, 20 (14.1%) oncocytic subtype, 14 (9.9%) non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP), 11 (7.8%) infiltrative follicular subtype, 7 (4.9%) tall cell subtype, 2 (1.4%) solid subtype, and 1 (0.7%) diffuse sclerosing subtype. The US findings indicating malignancy, such as taller-than-wide shape, irregular margins, echogenic foci, and higher TIRADS categories, were more frequently demonstrated in nodules with classic PTC and the tall cell subtype, in line with their histopathological features. Conversely, IEFV-PTC and NIFTP rarely exhibited these high-risk sonographic features. US appearance of the oncocytic subtype more frequently overlapped with IEFV-PTC, yet hypo/very hypoechoic nodules with larger nodular diameters and higher TIRADS scores may favor the diagnosis of this subtype.US features of certain subtypes may guide the differential diagnosis regarding shape, margin, echogenic foci, and TIRADS category of nodules; however, definitive subtyping is not yet possible using US images alone.Copyright © 2024 Hekimsoy, Ertan, Serin, Karabulut and Özbek.