Review

弥漫性侵袭性小肠疾病

Diffusely Infiltrative Small Bowel Disease

RADIOGRAPHICS

影响因子:5.5

分区:医学1区 Top / 核医学1区

发表日期:2024 Sep

作者: Preet Dhillon, Madeline Naidu, Michael C Olson, Wendaline M VanBuren, Shannon P Sheedy, Michael L Wells, Jeff L Fidler, Jay P Heiken, Sudhakar K Venkatesh, Zachary S Kelm

DOI: 10.1148/rg.230148

摘要

多种侵袭性疾病可影响小肠，常表现为弥漫性小肠壁增厚。这些侵袭性疾病可以由免疫细胞或肿瘤细胞的流入，或多层肠壁内物质的积聚引起。尽管在断层影像上侵袭性疾病的表现可能高度重叠，但深入理解更具特异性的辅助影像特征和临床病理相关性，有助于显著缩小鉴别诊断范围。放射科医师在整合临床与影像信息、指导后续检查方面扮演重要角色。本文综述了常见影响小肠的侵袭性疾病，按其发病机制分类，辅以多个病例示例，以增强理解。这些疾病的CT和MRI是当前最常用的影像学检查手段，本文主要围绕这两种技术展开。提供详细的病理特征、临床表现及影像表现，以帮助放射科医师识别和鉴别这些疾病。

Abstract

Multiple infiltrative disorders can affect the small bowel, often resulting in diffuse small bowel wall thickening. These infiltrative disorders can manifest owing to various factors such as an influx of immunologic or neoplastic cells or the accumulation of substances within one or more layers of the intestinal wall. Although there can be considerable overlap in the appearances of infiltrative diseases on cross-sectional images, a comprehensive understanding of more specific ancillary imaging features and clinicopathologic correlation can substantially narrow the differential diagnosis. The radiologist can be instrumental in synthesizing the clinical and imaging information and guiding subsequent workup. The authors present a comprehensive review of the infiltrative disorders that commonly involve the small bowel. These disorders are organized on the basis of their pathophysiologic features, with multiple illustrative case examples to enhance understanding of these entities. CT and MRI are currently the most commonly used imaging modalities for evaluating small bowel disorders, and this review is focused on these two modalities. Detailed information regarding the pathologic features, clinical presentation, and imaging findings of these infiltrative disorders is provided to aid radiologists in recognizing and differentiating these conditions.