非侵入性癌症诊断和预后的一种有前途的方法是通过唾液生物标志物。通过利用唾液的独特特征和生物标志物研究取得的进展，这些标志物可以为更广泛的恶性肿瘤提供更准确的诊断。人们试图彻底研究用于肿瘤预后和诊断的唾液生物标志物领域，重点是它们在各种癌症形式中的应用。使用预先确定的搜索标准在众多数据库中系统搜索 2009 年至 2021 年的同行评审论文。纳入标准中包括了专注于不同类型癌症的唾液生物标志物的检测、验证和临床应用的研究。初步找到238篇文章，其中15篇相关文章满足收录要求。收集有关研究目的、方法、结果和结论的信息以进行数据提取。我们通过主题分析确定了反复出现的主题、模式和矛盾。我们还评估了用于肿瘤诊断和预后的最先进的唾液生物标志物。一项重大发现是鉴定出唾液中与多种癌症相关的生物分子，包括胰腺癌、口腔癌、乳腺癌、肺癌和胃癌。越来越多的证据证明基于唾液的诊断在肿瘤学中的价值。这是由于新的检测方法以及唾液蛋白质组学和基因组学的发展。外泌体和微泡作为唾液生物标志物的鉴定提供了对癌症病因和进化的分子理解，从而为诊断和治疗开辟了新途径。由于唾液的独特特性和生物标志物研究的进步，唾液生物标志物是一种用于早期检测和预测癌症的非侵入性方法。这场潜在的革命可以改善患者的治疗效果并减少癌症相关的死亡。版权所有 © 2024，Ghosh 等人。

A promising method for non-invasive cancer diagnosis and prognosis is through salivary biomarkers. By utilizing the distinct characteristics of saliva and the progress made in biomarker studies, these markers provide more accurate diagnoses for a wider range of malignancies. An attempt was made to thoroughly investigate the field of salivary biomarkers for tumor prognosis and diagnosis, with an emphasis on their use in various cancer forms. Predetermined search criteria were utilized for a systematic search across numerous databases for peer-reviewed papers from 2009 to 2021. Studies concentrating on the detection, validation, and clinical use of salivary biomarkers for different types of cancers were included in the inclusion criteria. Initially, 238 articles were found, of which 15 relevant articles satisfied the inclusion requirements. Information on study aims, methodology, findings, and conclusions were gathered for data extraction. We identified recurrent themes, patterns, and contradictions by a thematic analysis. We also assessed state-of-the-art salivary biomarkers for tumor diagnosis and prognosis. One major finding is the identification of biomolecules in saliva linked to several cancer forms, including pancreatic, oral, breast, lung, and stomach cancers. There is an increasing amount of evidence demonstrating the value of saliva-based diagnostics in oncology. This is due to new detection methods and developments in salivary proteomics and genomics. Identification of exosomes and microvesicles as salivary biomarker profiles offered molecular understandings of the etiology and evolution of cancer, thereby opening new avenues for diagnosis and treatment. Salivary biomarkers are a non-invasive approach for the early detection and prediction of cancer, thanks to the unique properties of saliva and advancements in biomarker research. This potential revolution could enhance patient outcomes and reduce cancer-related deaths.Copyright © 2024, Ghosh et al.