阿尔茨海默病是一个重要的全球健康问题，研究表明神经炎症在这种疾病的进展中起着至关重要的作用。在这项研究中，阿那白滞素已被证明具有时间和浓度依赖性的抗神经炎症作用。在体外研究中，它减少了脂多糖 (LPS) 刺激的肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α) 和一氧化氮 (NO) 合酶 2 的基因表达。阿那白滞素还减少了 LPS 诱导的一氧化氮和活性氧的产生。因此，LPS激活的BV2小胶质细胞的肥大状态被阿那白滞素逆转。此外，在 ACR 处理的斑马鱼幼鱼中，丙烯酰胺 (ACR) 诱导的核转录因子-κB、TNF-α 和白介素-1β 的激活下调，而 cAMP 反应元件结合蛋白和脑源性神经营养因子的表达水平显着增强。还观察到阿那白滞素改善了暴露于 ACR 的斑马鱼幼虫的不协调游泳行为。总体而言，阿那白滞素表现出潜在的抗神经炎症和抗氧化作用。

Alzheimer's disease is a significant global health issue, and studies suggest that neuroinflammation plays a vital role in the advancement of this disease. In this study, anakinra has been shown to display a time- and concentration-dependent antineuroinflammatory effect. In the in vitro studies, it diminished the gene expressions of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and nitric oxide (NO) synthase 2 stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Anakinra also reduced the LPS-induced production of NO and reactive oxygen species. Thus, the hypertrophic state of LPS-activated BV2 microglial cells was reversed by anakinra. Furthermore, acrylamide (ACR)-induced activation of nuclear transcription factor-κB, TNF-α, and interleukin-1β was downregulated, while cAMP response element binding protein and brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression levels were markedly enhanced in ACR-treated zebrafish larvae. It was also observed that anakinra improved the uncoordinated swimming behaviors in ACR-exposed zebrafish larvae. Overall, anakinra demonstrated potential antineuroinflammatory and antioxidative effects.