根治性前列腺切除术和放射治疗是临床局限性前列腺癌常见的一线治疗方法。尽管外科技术和多学科管理取得了进步，但前列腺切除术后尿失禁（PPI）仍然是一种常见的临床并发症。 PPI 的发生率和持续时间具有高度异质性，个体之间差异很大。前列腺切除术后尿失禁可能由多种因素引起，包括患者特征、下尿路功能和手术操作。医生通常依靠详细的病史、体格检查、排尿日记、尿垫测试和基于症状的问卷调查来确定关键因素并选择适当的治疗方案。根据尿失禁的严重程度和类型，前列腺切除术后尿失禁的治疗可分为保守治疗和手术干预。盆底肌肉训练和生活方式干预通常是保守策略。当保守治疗失败时，经常建议手术治疗，而人工尿道括约肌仍然是 PPI 手术干预的“金标准”。本综述重点关注PPI的诊断和治疗，基于最新的临床研究和指南建议，包括流行病学和危险因素、诊断方法和治疗策略，旨在全面概述该领域的最新进展和协助医生为 PPI 患者提供个性化治疗方案。© 2024。外科肿瘤学会。

Radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy are common first-line treatments for clinically localized prostate cancer. Despite advances in surgical technology and multidisciplinary management, post-prostatectomy urinary incontinence (PPI) remains a common clinical complication. The incidence and duration of PPI are highly heterogeneous, varying considerably between individuals. Post-prostatectomy urinary incontinence may result from a combination of factors, including patient characteristics, lower urinary tract function, and surgical procedures. Physicians often rely on detailed medical history, physical examinations, voiding diaries, pad tests, and questionnaires-based symptoms to identify critical factors and select appropriate treatment options. Post-prostatectomy urinary incontinence treatment can be divided into conservative treatment and surgical interventions, depending on the severity and type of incontinence. Pelvic floor muscle training and lifestyle interventions are commonly conservative strategies. When conservative treatment fails, surgery is frequently recommended, and the artificial urethral sphincter remains the "gold standard" surgical intervention for PPI. This review focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of PPI, based on the most recent clinical research and recommendations of guidelines, including epidemiology and risk factors, diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies, aimed at presenting a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in this field and assisting doctors in providing personalized treatment options for patients with PPI.© 2024. Society of Surgical Oncology.