免疫疗法已成为癌症治疗的关键方式，免疫检查点抑制剂通过阻碍免疫系统内的关键途径并刺激患者的免疫反应来有效地对抗恶性肿瘤。可溶形式的免疫检查点表现出显着的多样性，并且可以在循环中轻松追踪，作为癌症治疗的生物标志物具有巨大的潜力。由于技术进步，越来越多的研究集中在癌症中的可溶性免疫检查点。在这篇系统综述中，我们全面总结了可溶性免疫检查点在人类癌症风险预测、结果预测、治疗应用和潜在分子机制方面的最新研究，展示了可溶性免疫检查点在临床应用中的广阔前景。可溶性免疫检查点的临床相关性已在多种癌症中得到认可，但其治疗应用和机制仍不清楚。解释可溶性免疫检查点的影响和机制可以揭示癌症筛查、治疗和结果预测的新策略。© 2024。作者。

Immunotherapy has emerged as a pivotal modality in cancer treatment, with immune checkpoint inhibitors effectively combating malignancies by impeding crucial pathways within the immune system and stimulating patients' immune responses. Soluble forms of immune checkpoints exhibit a remarkable diversity and can be readily tracked in circulation, holding immense potential as biomarkers for cancer treatment. An increasing number of studies focused on soluble immune checkpoints in cancer have emerged thanks to technological advancements. In this systematic review, we comprehensively summarized the recent studies on soluble immune checkpoints in human cancer risk prediction, outcome prediction, therapeutic applications, and potential molecular mechanisms, which demonstrated the promising future of soluble immune checkpoints in clinical applications. The clinical relevance of soluble immune checkpoints has been recognized in multiple cancers, yet the therapeutic applications and mechanisms remain obscure. Interpreting the impacts and mechanisms of soluble immune checkpoints could shed a light on the novel strategies of cancer screening, treatments, and outcome prediction.© 2024. The Author(s).