本文讨论了脑肿瘤患者常见的医学和神经系统并发症，并根据最新证据重点介绍了治疗建议。使用地塞米松与胶质母细胞瘤患者的预后较差相关，在脑转移瘤中，高剂量可能会导致副作用增加效果，但没有额外的临床益处。有多种抗癫痫药物 (ASM) 可供选择，选择药物时必须考虑可能的相互作用和毒性。此外，人们对使用 AMPA 受体阻滞剂作为 ASM 治疗脑肿瘤患者越来越感兴趣。管理疲劳的非药物策略仍然至关重要。全脑放疗 (WBRT) 后认知能力下降很常见，而保留海马的 WBRT 可带来更好的认知结果。静脉血栓栓塞是一种常见的并发症，越来越多的证据表明在该人群中使用直接口服抗凝剂 (DOAC)。关于脑肿瘤患者的医疗和神经系统并发症的管理也不断有证据。这些并发症需要早期识别以及多学科合作和专业知识。版权所有 © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. 保留所有权利。

This article discusses commonly encountered medical and neurological complications in patients with brain tumors and highlights recommendations for their management based on updated evidence.Use of dexamethasone is correlated with worse prognosis in patients with glioblastoma, and in brain metastases, high doses may lead to increased side effects without additional clinical benefit. There are multiple antiseizure medications (ASM) to choose from and possible interactions and toxicity must be considered when choosing an agent. Additionally, there is growing interest in the use of AMPA receptor blockers as ASM in patients with brain tumors. Nonpharmacological strategies for the management of fatigue remain paramount. Cognitive decline is common after whole brain radiation (WBRT) and hippocampal-sparing WBRT results in superior cognitive outcomes. Venous thromboembolism is a common complication and there is growing evidence on the use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in this population.There is evolving evidence on the management of medical and neurological complications in patients with brain tumors. These complications, require early identification and multidisciplinary collaboration and expertise.Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.