卵巢表面上皮 (OSE) 是卵巢的最外层，在每次排卵期间都会破裂，在卵巢伤口愈合和恢复卵巢完整性方面发挥着至关重要的作用。此外，OSE 可能是上皮性卵巢癌的来源。尽管 OSE 的再生特性已在小鼠身上得到了充分研究，但由于人类卵巢的获取途径和合适的体外培养方案有限，了解人类卵巢组织修复的精确机制仍然受到阻碍。组织特异性类器官是复制原始器官结构和功能的微型体外模型，为研究器官生理学、疾病建模和药物测试提供了新的机会。在这里，我们描述了一种从整个卵巢中分离原代人 OSE (hOSE) 并建立 hOSE 类器官的方法。我们包括显示供体之间异质性的形态和细胞特征。此外，我们还证明了这种培养方法能够评估两周内激素对 OSE 类器官生长的影响。该方法可以发现有助于 OSE 再生的因素，并促进针对恶性 OSE 的患者特异性药物筛选。

The ovarian surface epithelium (OSE), the outermost layer of the ovary, undergoes rupture during each ovulation and plays a crucial role in ovarian wound healing while restoring ovarian integrity. Additionally, the OSE may serve as the source of epithelial ovarian cancers. Although the OSE regenerative properties have been well studied in mice, understanding the precise mechanism of tissue repair in the human ovary remains hampered by limited access to human ovaries and suitable in vitro culture protocols. Tissue-specific organoids, miniaturized in vitro models replicating both structural and functional aspects of the original organ, offer new opportunities for studying organ physiology, disease modeling, and drug testing. Here, we describe a method to isolate primary human OSE (hOSE) from whole ovaries and establish hOSE organoids. We include a morphological and cellular characterization showing heterogeneity between donors. Additionally, we demonstrate the capacity of this culture method to evaluate hormonal effects on OSE-organoid growth over a 2-week period. This method may enable the discovery of factors contributing to OSE regeneration and facilitate patient-specific drug screenings for malignant OSE.