胃肠道 (GI) 癌症是一个重大的全球健康问题，其病因多种多样，治疗选择有限。鞣花酸 (EA) 是一种天然多酚化合物，对各种胃肠道恶性肿瘤具有良好的抗癌特性。在本文中，我们回顾了关于 EA 对食管癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、胰腺癌和肝癌的抗癌潜力的最新研究。在食管癌中，EA 可抑制 N-亚硝基甲基苄胺 (NMBA) 等致癌物质诱导的 O6-甲基鸟嘌呤 (O6-meGua) 加合物的形成，从而抑制肿瘤生长。此外，EA 还能抑制 STAT3 信号传导并稳定肿瘤抑制蛋白，显示出作为抗食道癌药物的潜力。在胃癌中，EA 调节涉及细胞增殖、侵袭和凋亡的多种通路，包括 p53 和 PI3K-Akt 信号通路。它还具有抗炎和抗氧化作用，使其成为一种有前途的胃癌治疗候选药物。在结直肠癌 (CRC) 中，EA 抑制细胞增殖、诱导细胞凋亡并调节 Wnt/β-catenin 和 PI3K/Akt 通路，表明其可有效预防 CRC 进展。此外，EA 通过抑制核因子 kappa B、诱导细胞凋亡和抑制上皮间质转化，在胰腺癌中显示出前景。在肝癌中，EA 表现出放射增敏作用、抑制炎症途径并调节肿瘤微环境，为肝细胞癌提供潜在的治疗益处。为了增强对胃肠道癌症的疗效，需要对 EA 在联合疗法中的潜力进行研究，并开发靶向递送系统。© 2024。作者。

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are a significant global health concern with diverse etiologies and limited treatment options. Ellagic acid (EA), a natural polyphenolic compound, exhibits promising anticancer properties against various GI malignancies. In this article, we have reviewed recent research on the anticancer potential of EA across esophageal, gastric, colorectal, pancreatic, and liver cancers. In esophageal cancer, EA inhibits the formation of O6-methylguanine (O6-meGua) adducts induced by carcinogens like N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine (NMBA), thereby suppressing tumor growth. Additionally, EA inhibits STAT3 signaling and stabilizes tumor suppressor proteins, showing potential as an anti-esophageal cancer agent. In gastric cancer, EA regulates multiple pathways involved in cell proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis, including the p53 and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. It also demonstrates anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, making it a promising therapeutic candidate against gastric cancer. In colorectal cancer (CRC), EA inhibits cell proliferation, induces apoptosis, and modulates the Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/Akt pathways, suggesting its efficacy in preventing CRC progression. Furthermore, EA has shown promise in pancreatic cancer by inhibiting nuclear factor-kappa B, inducing apoptosis, and suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In liver cancer, EA exhibits radio-sensitizing effects, inhibits inflammatory pathways, and modulates the tumor microenvironment, offering potential therapeutic benefits against hepatocellular carcinoma. Studies on EA potential in combination therapies and the development of targeted delivery systems are required for enhanced efficacy against gastrointestinal cancers.© 2024. The Author(s).